Treesearch

Coefficients for five taper/volume models are developed for 18 Appalachian hardwood species. Each model can be used to estimate diameter at any point on the bole, height to any preselected diameter, and cubic-foot volume between any two points on the bole. The resulting equations were tested on six sets of independent data and an evaluation of these tests is included, A wide variety of volume tables can be constructed with the models; some examples are given.

Presents a method of selecting suitable forested areas for meaningful assessments of air pollution effects. The approach is based on the premise that environmental influences can significantly affect the forest-air pollution relationship, and that it is, therefore, desirable to equalize such influences at different sites. From existing data on environmental factors and air pollution monitoring data, a method of placing transparent overlays on maps was developed to identify forested areas that have common environmental characteristics but significantly different potential for air pollution.

Summer temperatures under trees planted in holes cut through an asphalt cover in a parking lot and in soil beneath the surrounding asphalt were higher than soil temperatures under trees at a control site. Winter minimums were not different, but maximum summer temperature exceeded the control by 3ºC beneath the parking lot trees and up to 10ºC beneath the asphalt cover at a depth of 15 cm below the surface. Horizontal and vertical soil temperatures varied little at a given time within each type of site. Asphalt covering the soil not only increased maximum temperatures through a 60-cm...

A 4-year study of camper satisfaction indicates that satisfaction monitoring is a useful tool for campground managers to assess their performance and achieve a high level of quality control in their service to the public. An indication of camper satisfaction with campground management is gained from a report card on which a small sample of visitors rates 14 elements of their camping experience. Changes from year to year in element scores correlated in many cases with actual changes in management practices. Differences in composite scores between parks and park systems were consistent from...

The Serpentine end-matched (Sem) joint is a precisely machined butt joint with a sine wave shape. The joint is not readily visible to the eye and performs well in panels made of sugar maple, red oak, black walnut, and black cherry. The Sem joint is unaffected by changes in equilibrium moisture content from 6 to 12 to 18 to 6 percent. Panels containing Sem joints have about the same stiffness as panels without Sem joints. When tested to failure in bending, panels with Sem joints were weaker than control panels. However, the panels had to bend much farther than nonstructural applications...

Dissections of hundreds of living, mature oak trees over a 25-year period revealed that radial shakes (or "frost cracks") and ring shakes are associated with a variety of wounds and stubs of branches and basal sprouts. A more intensive study of radial shakes that included dissections of more than 30 oaks confirmed the earlier finds, and provided additional data on radial shakes. Radial shakes were most common in mature oaks that had been wounded, and where basal sprouts died when the dominant tree was less than 20 cm in diameter at 1.4 m aboveground. Radial shakes-frost cracks-are not...

A study of residual saplings and poles left after clearcutting indicates that sugar maple and beech are capable of surviving and gowing well after this type of drastic release. Epicormic branches developed on many trees, but those that were free of epicormics before cutting tended to remain free of them after exposure. Residual trees did not interfere with the establishment of intolerant regeneration, but have begun to affect height growth of regeneration 6 years after cutting where the residual density exceeded 10 to 15 square feet (ft²) of basal area per acre. Good results from residuals...

Woods-run bolts in 4- and 6-foot length from poletimber stand thininings were classified into five quality classes, and the absolute sweep was measured for each bolt. Cants 4 by 4 and 4 by 6 inches were sawn from these bolts. The cants were classified by an interim classification system for the production of pallet parts. In contrast to straight bolts, sweep from 0.6 to 1.0 inches in bolts from 6 do 10 inches in diameter reduces the yield of patllet cants approximately 5 percent; 1.1 to 1.5 inches of sweep reduces the yield approximately 10 percent. The quality mix of pallet cants produced...

One-year-old seedlings of yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.), eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides Bartr.), and white ash (Fraxinus americana L.) were divided into four groups. One group served as the control, and the other groups were fumigated for 12 hours per day with either 0.1 ppm O3, 0.2 ppm SO2, or 0.1 ppm O3 plus 0.2 ppm SO2. Two or three seedlings of each species were harvested twice a week for 6 weeks, and leaf area and new growth weight were determined. Data on leaf area and new growth weight were transformed to natural logarithms and fitted with a linear regression...

On May 24, 1978, heavy rain caused flash flooding on densely forested land near Parsons, in Tucker County, West Virginia. Poststorm evidences of soil and water behavior were examined in detail on soils related to the Dekalb and Leetonia series. Other flash floods struck seven forested sections of the state in August. Less detailed observation after these storms centered on the Weikert-Berks soil complex. Erosion in perennial channels was severe at all of the storm sites. Ephemeral channels had eroded severely in May but not in August, an effect attributed to higher soil moisture in May....