Treesearch

Tapholes drilled into frozen maple tissues remain open longer than tapholes drilled into trees that have not frozen. Taphole closure was not affected by the speed of the tapper drill bit.

Seedlings of paper birch and yellow birch were grown in Styrofoam blocks of two cavity sizes, 40 cc and 125 cc, in four different soil mixes. After 16 weeks, the seedlings were outplanted on a cleared forest site in mid July. Seedling survival for all treatments after two growing seasons was very good (98.8 percent). The effects of container size and soil mix were relatively small and statistically significant only at the time of outplanting. Paper birch seedlings grew much more rapidly than the yellow birch. An early August outplanting of red maple seedlings was added to the study. Growth...

Yields of sugar maple sap collected from three plastic pipeline systems by gravity, vacuum pump, and a vacuum pump with a transfer tank were compared during 2 years in northern Vermont. The transfer system yielded 27 percent more sap one year and 17 percent more the next year. Higher vacuum levels at the tapholes were observed in the transfer system.

A trail guide booklet containing a map, directional and distance data, and information about the natural and human history and management problems of a backcountry hiking trail was keyed to small, numbered, wooden markers along the trail. This system was evaluated on an 8-mile loop in the White Mountain National Forest in New Hampshire. The system may be useful for contacting backcountry recreationists, gaining their interest and their cooperation.

Spruce budworm pupae can be sexed by the location and shape of the genital opening. The opening spans the 8th abdominal segment in female pupae and is found on the 9th segment in male pupae.

Correlations of leaf area with length, width, and length times width of leaves of black oak, white oak, and sugar maple were determined to see if length and/or width could be used as accurate estimators of leaf area. The correlation of length times width with leaf area was high (r > + .95) for all three species. The linear equation Y = a + bX, where X = length times width, can be used to estimate leaf area where it is not possible or practical to make actual area measurements.

Species composition and site index were determined on nine tree habitats in an area of schistose drift and compared with previous findings on habitats with granitic drift. Habitats on schistose drift supported more sugar maple and had somewhat higher site indexes. Compact tills in schistose drift supported northern hardwoods, and the site indexes for yellow birch were 66 to 71 feet. Compact tills in granitic drift supported softwood-hardwood mixtures and had a softwood climax; the site indexes for yellow birch were 56 to 57 feet. Species composition and site index for a given habitat may...

To determine species and numbers of insects visiting a tree, a paper trap for cerambycids was designed and tested on locust borers, Megacyllene robiniae (Forster), and red oak borers, Enaphalodes rufulus (Haldeman), under plantation and forest conditions. Test results showed that the trap could be used successfully to capture locust borers but it requires some modification for red oak borers. Several other cerambycid species were also captured in the trap.

Cricetine mice were trapped on two revegetated surface-mined areas - one with a freshly seeded grass-legume cover and one with an early successional grass-forb cover. Chlamydospores of Glomus fasciculatus isolated from the feces of these animals produced representative endomycorrhizae with corn under greenhouse conditions.

The water quality of precipitation and runoff from a large parking lot in New Brunswick, New Jersey was studied during the early growing season, from March to June 1976. Precipitation and runoff from 10 storms were analyzed. The runoff was higher in all constituents considered except for P, Pb, and Cu. Compared with published values for natural waters, sewage effluent, and storm-water drainage from urban land, the parking lot runoff was not highly polluted during the study period, and it appears that such runoff is a satisfactory source of water for urban trees.