Treesearch

Four Methods of converting low-grade yellow-poplar lumber into high-grade furniture core material (lumber core) were compared. High-grade core material is used in tops, shelves, doors, and drawer fronts and only minor defects are allowed. Three gang-rip first and the conventional crosscut-first manufacturing sequences were evaluated in combination with 1 Common, 2A Common and 2B Common lumber. Results based on costs and yields indicate that 2A and 2B Common lumber and either of two gang-rip first techniques would be the most effective choices.

Questionnaires for evaluating what people expect from environmental camps and what they learn while there have been developed and applied at the Pocono Environmental Education Center, Dingman's Ferry, Penna. Nine questionnaires for various ages and types of users are presented. The results can be used by camp administrators and educators to evaluate their own programs and teaching methods.

For a more efficient use of the hardwood forest resource, tables were developed for estimating the weight of sawtimber tops, a major portion of logging residue. Regressions were developed for green and dry total treetop weight and treetop weight in material greater than 3 inches dob (diameter outside bark) for each of three species groups: soft hardwoods, hard hardwoods, and mixed hardwoods. Estimates of treetop weights (green) ranged from 763 pounds for an 1 1-inch dbh (diameter at breast height) tree to 4,165 pounds for a 26-inch dbh tree. Moisture content averaged 62 percent (oven-dry...

Three use characteristics were studied in the Great Gulf Wilderness of the White Mountain National Forest in 1976: (1) use quantity; (2) use distribution; (3) overnight use patterns. Pressure-plate counters, in conjunction with use permits and site observations, were used to acquire data. Approximately 4,000 people visited this area during the 56-day study period; 75 percent were day users and 25 percent were overnight users. Trail use ranged from 50 hikers per day to negligible use. Overnight users tended to concentrate in the upper portion of the Great Gulf. Actual overnight use was...

Two sample plots in poletimber-small sawtimber stands of Allegheny hardwoods were thinned to improve crop-tree spacing. Thinning produced nearly 35 tons per acre of wood fiber, including 13 tons of sawable boltwood, 3-l/2 tons of standard sawlogs, 18 tons of pulpwood, and 1 ton of fuelwood. Nearly 3,700 board feet of lumber and cants were produced from the sawbolts and sawlogs. An additional 34 tons suitable for wood chips or fuelwood or both were available but not harvested.

An econometric model of U.S. hardboard consumption was developed to identify the major variables affecting hardboard consumption and price. The variables identified were housing starts, residential improvement activity, disposable personal income, hardwood plywood price, productivity, pulpwood and residue price, hardboard tariff, and power cost, Disposable personal income was the most important of these variables, affecting both consumption and price. Annual projections show consumption increasing by 60 percent and price by 133 percent (over 1977 levels) by the year 1990.

Hardwood logging residue was examined as a source of raw material in the manufacture of sawn, split, and round timbers for use in underground coal mines. Forty-four percent of the total logging residue (residue !U 4 inches in diameter outside bark (dob), small end, and 4 feet long) from sawlog-only harvests was suitable for mine-timber production. Only 26 percent of the limbwood residue was suitable for mine timbers, but 58 percent of the bolewood residue was suitable. Depending on the species, the suitability for bolewood ranged from less than 40 percent (beech and basswood) to 68 percent...

Veneer quality logs of black cherry and northern red oak from northern Pennsylvania were converted into sliced face veneer. The percentage yield of veneer for cherry was greater than oak due to tree form. Thirty-four percent of the total log volume of oak became chippable or fuel residue, but only 29 percent of cherry. Where and how this loss of material occurs in the veneering process is discussed.

Logging truck downtime increases timber harvesting costs. To determine the extent and causes of truck delays, four logging trucks on two separate operations were monitored for a 7-month period by recording speedometers and with tallies of delay causes. The results show the number of truck delays per shift, their duration, and the total delay time per shift for eight categories of delay causes. Average delay time per shift was nearly 90 minutes. Maintenance and repair, administrative actions, and operations scheduling were the leading causes of truck delay; overall, they accounted for...

Forest managers have no objective way to determine the relative value of culturally treated forest stands in terms of product potential. This paper describes the first step in the development of a quality classification system based on the measurement of individual tree characteristics for young hardwood stands.