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- Hybridization between exotic and native species can lead to negative ecological and economic consequences. The invasive winter moth (WM), Operophtera brumata, uses the same sex-attractant pheromone and mates and produces fertile offspring with a native congener the Bruce spanworm (BSW), O. bruceata, and a stable hybrid zone has formed where their ranges overlap in the northeastern United States. However, the fact that the two species have not merged, despite seasonal overlap of flight, suggests that one or more pre- or post-mating barriers to hybridization might therefore exist. Here, we...AuthorsJennifer L. Chandler, Joseph S. Elkinton, George H. Boettner, Jeremy C. AndersenSourceJournal of Insect BehaviorYear2025
- As an Evaluation Monitoring project funded under the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Health Monitoring Program, this study had an overarching goal to provide insight into which locales may be at greatest risk of losing their future black cherry component. It proposed an examination of seedling dynamics, including the extent and severity of declining abundance, over 5–20 years at multiple spatial scales. The hypothesis was that seedling abundance declines would be pronounced in the Allegheny region, where black cherry has historically been most dominant, but less...AuthorsLance A. Vickers, Alejandro A. Royo, Susan L. Stout, Todd Ristau, William K. Oldland, Benjamin O. Knapp, Lauren S. Pile, Andrea HilleYear2025
- This study was an Evaluation Monitoring project funded under the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Forest Service, Forest Health Monitoring Program with an overarching goal to yield a better understanding of regeneration dynamics during disturbance-induced canopy reductions and help triage oak forests for regeneration risks. It proposed to examine seedling and sapling dynamics through time at broad spatial scales to examine whether forest health issues in eastern upland oak forests affect oak regeneration and recruitment by addressing two specific questions: (1) Do forest health...AuthorsLance A. Vickers, Benjamin O. Knapp, Daniel C. Dey, Lauren S.P. KnappSourceFSYear2025
- Diversifying the simplified landscape of corn and soybeans in the Midwest is an emerging priority in both the public and private sectors to reap a suite of climate, social, agronomic, and economic benefits. However, little research has documented the perspectives of farmers, the primary stakeholders in diversification efforts. This preliminary report uses newly collected survey data (n = 725) from farmers in the states of Illinois, Indiana, and Iowa to provide descriptive statistics and tests to understand what farmers in the region think about agricultural diversification, including their...AuthorsLauren Asprooth, J. Gordon Arbuckle, Rebecca Traldi, Sarah P. Church, Kristin Floress, Benjamin M. Gramig, Andrew J. Margenot, Elizabeth T. Maynard, Aaron W. Thompson, Ariana P. Torres, Emily M. Usher, Ishraq Awashra, Katherine Pivaral, Finnleigh S. Woodings, Linda S. ProkopyKeywordsSourceRenewable Agriculture and Food SystemsYear2025
- Eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) is a foundational species in forests across the eastern United States. Hemlock trees provide critical ecosystem services, such as shading for streams, regulation of water temperature, and wildlife habitat for many species. Hemlocks are also economically important for the forest products industry, especially for paper and pulpwood. The invasive insect, hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA, Adelges tsugae Annand), has killed millions of hemlocks across the eastern United States and altered forest dynamics since it was first discovered in 1950. In response, forest...AuthorsNorthern Research Station. USDA Forest ServiceSourceFS; Rooted in ResearchYear2025
- Accurate characterization of wood properties is important for informing urban forestry science, policy and management related to carbon cycling, ecosystem services modeling, and wood utilization. In this study, urban wood samples were collected and analyzed for basic specific gravity (SG) and ash content (AC), two important wood properties that inform biomass estimation and potential for biofuel feedstocks. Samples were collected in Baltimore, Maryland, USA across four urban site types from seven tree species commonly planted in urban settings. Results were compared with published values...AuthorsNancy Falxa Sonti, Jim Westfall, Michael C. Wiemann, Thomas L. EberhardtKeywordsSourceUrban EcosystemsYear2025
- Planted forests account for 7 percent of the global forest area, covering 290 million hectares (ha) of land. About 131 million ha of planted forests are intensively cultivated for productive purposes with fast-growing trees (FGTs). Fast-growing trees have been developed and used for millennia to provide wood and non-wood products to rural communities and other direct and non-direct benefits to urban societies. Globally, FGT plantations comprise a variety of tree species in temperate, subtropical and tropical biomes. These belong to genera such as Populus, Salix, Paulownia, Pinus, Acacia,...AuthorsRonald S. Zalesny Jr., A. Barzagli, B. Caldwell, G. Minotta, G. Nervo, P. Paris, Elizabeth Rogers, F. SalbitanoKeywordsSourceFood and Agriculture Organization of the United NationsYear2025
- Weed management is an integral practice for agriculture-, horticulture-, and forestry-related plant production systems. Weeds create similar problems in improved agroforestry cropping systems as in conventional agriculture and horticulture. While traditional chemical and mechanical weed management techniques are effective for these practices, they require a great deal of labor, are very costly, and can be detrimental to soil health and water quality. An alternative to traditional weed management techniques is the use of ground cover, known as cover crops, to control the spread and suppress...AuthorsBrent S. DeBauche, Chung-Ho Lin, Elizabeth Rogers, Ryan Vinhal, Ronald S. Zalesny Jr.KeywordsSourceInternational Union of Forest Research Organizations (IUFRO)Year2025
- Accurate accounting of greenhouse‐gas (GHG) emissions and removals is central to tracking progress toward climate mitigation and for monitoring potential climate‐change feedbacks. GHG budgeting and reporting can follow either the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change methodologies for National Greenhouse Gas Inventory (NGHGI) reporting or use atmospheric‐based “top‐down” (TD) inversions or process‐based “bottom‐up” (BU) approaches. To help understand and reconcile these approaches, the Second REgional Carbon Cycle Assessment and Processes study (RECCAP2) was established to quantify GHG...AuthorsBenjamin Poulter, Guillermo Murray‐Tortarolo, Daniel J. Hayes, Philippe Ciais, Robbie M. Andrew, Ana Bastos, Brendan Byrne, David Butman, Josep G. Canadell, Abhishek Chatterjee, Grant M. Domke, Andrew Feldman, Kelsey Foster, Neha Hunka, Robert B. Jackson, Werner A. Kurz, Ayia Lindquist, Maodian Liu, Ingrid Luijkx, Arnaud Mialon, Anna M. Michalak, John Miller, Wolfgang A. Obermeier, Naiqin Pan, James T. Randerson, Peter A. Raymond, Pierre Regnier, Laure Resplandy, Gerard Rocher‐Ros, Nemesio Rodriquez‐Fernandez, Judith Rosentreter, Julio César Salazar‐Neira, Suzanne E. Tank, Hanqin Tian, Rodrigo Vargas, Yohanna Villalobos, Jonathan A. Wang, Xinyuan Wei, Kimberly P. Wickland, Christopher Williams, Lisamarie Windham‐Myers, Christopher W. W. Woodall, Qing Ying, Zhen ZhangKeywordsSourceGlobal Biogeochemical CyclesYear2025
- Most research addressing land use change and forest management effects on soil carbon (C) is conducted at large or localized scales, rather than intermediate scales where management is planned and implemented. We assessed effects of land use and forest management on soil C stocks, for the Central Hardwoods ecoregion of the U.S., using meta-analysis, soil survey and national forest inventory databases to examine baseline controls on soil C stocks and their responses to land use and forest management. Biotic and geologic factors drive baseline variation in soil C stocks across the ecoregion,...AuthorsLucas E. Nave, Kendall DeLyser, Grant M. Domke, Scott M. Holub, John M. Kabrick, Adrienne B. Keller, Patricia Leopold, Matthew Peters, Kevin A. Solarik, Chris SwanstonKeywordsSourceGeoderma RegionalYear2025