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- We used publicly available land-cover datasets (1921, 1947, 1976, 1992, 2001, 2006, 2014) to assess land-cover change on Babeldaob Island, Republic of Palau. Land-cover data were organized, classified, and summarized by area and percentage of island cover for forest, mangrove, non-forest vegetation, and non-vegetation. Japanese colonial administration of the island between 1921 and 1947 included industrial mining and agriculture, which reduced total non-mangrove forest cover by 16%. Temporal vegetation cover dynamics from 1947 through 2014 indicate unassisted forest regeneration of 12%...AuthorsJulian Dendy, Paul Collins, Dino Mesubed, Susan Cordell, Christian P. Giardina, Amanda L. Uowolo, Akiko IidaSourceLand. 11(6): 830Year2022
- Interannual variability in the global land carbon sink is strongly related to variations in tropical temperature and rainfall. This association suggests an important role for moisture-driven fluctuations in tropical vegetation productivity, but empirical evidence to quantify the responsible ecological processes is missing. Such evidence can be obtained from tree-ring data that quantify variability in a major vegetation productivity component: woody biomass growth. Here we compile a pantropical tree-ring network to show that annual woody biomass growth increases primarily with dry-season...AuthorsShankar Panthi, Gonzalo Pérez-De-Lis, Darwin Pucha-Cofrep, Nathsuda Pumijumnong, Mizanur Rahman, Jorge Andres Ramirez, Edilson Jimmy Requena-Rojas, Adauto de Souza Ribeiro, Iain Robertson, Fidel Alejandro Roig, Ernesto Alonso Rubio-Camacho, Ute Sass-Klaassen, Jochen Schöngart, Paul R. Sheppard, Franziska Slotta, James H. Speer, Matthew D. Therrell, Benjamin Toirambe, Mario Tomazello-Filho, Max C. A. Torbenson, Ramzi Touchan, Alejandro Venegas-González, Ricardo Villalba, Jose Villanueva-Diaz, Royd Vinya, Mart Vlam, Tommy Wils, Zhe-Kun Zhou, Pieter A. Zuidema, Flurin Babst, Peter Groenendijk, Valerie Trouet, Abrham Abiyu, Rodolfo Acuña-Soto, Eduardo Adenesky-Filho, Raquel Alfaro-Sánchez, José Roberto Vieira Aragão, Gabriel Assis-Pereira, Xue Bai, Ana Carolina Barbosa, Giovanna Battipaglia, Hans Beeckman, Paulo Cesar Botosso, Tim Bradley, Achim Bräuning, Roel Brienen, Brendan M. Buckley, J. Julio Camarero, Ana Carvalho, Gregório Ceccantini, Librado R. Centeno-Erguera, Julián Cerano-Paredes, Álvaro Agustín Chávez-Durán, Bruno Barçante Ladvocat Cintra, Malcolm K. Cleaveland, Camille Couralet, Rosanne D’Arrigo, Jorge Ignacio del Valle, Oliver Dünisch, Brian J. Enquist, Karin Esemann-Quadros, Zewdu Eshetu, Ze-Xin Fan, M. Eugenia Ferrero, Esther Fichtler, Claudia Fontana, Kainana S. Francisco, Aster Gebrekirstos, Emanuel Gloor, Daniela Granato-Souza, Kristof Haneca, Grant Logan Harley, Ingo Heinrich, Gerd Helle, Janet G. Inga, Mahmuda Islam, Yu-mei Jiang, Mark Kaib, Zakia Hassan Khamisi, Marcin Koprowski, Bart Kruijt, Eva Layme, Rik Leemans, A. Joshua Leffler, Claudio Sergio Lisi, Neil J. Loader, Giuliano Maselli Locosselli, Lidio Lopez, María I López-Hernández, José Luís Penetra Cerveira Lousada, Hooz A. Mendivelso, Mulugeta Mokria, Valdinez Ribeiro Montóia, Eddy Moors, Cristina Nabais, Justine Ngoma, Francisco de Carvalho Nogueira Júnior, Juliano Morales Oliveira, Gabriela Morais Olmedo, Mariana Alves PagottoSourceNature Geoscience. 15(4): 269-276.Year2022
- The impact of pyrolysis gas composition and the underlying reaction kinetics on the burning characteristics of a leaf was computationally investigated. The computational configuration resembled a previous experimental setup where vertically oriented manzanita (Arctostaphylos glandulosa) leaves were burned. Different compositions and reaction kinetics for the pyrolysis gas released during the leaf thermal decomposition were examined. The most detailed composition included CH4, CO, CO2, and H2, which was suggested by the previous experimental study of pyrolysis products of different plant...AuthorsPeyman Rahimi Borujerdi, Babak Shotorban, Shankar Mahalingam, David R. WeiseKeywordsSourceCombustion Science and Technology. 22(2): 1-24Year2022
- Many forests of the western United States have undergone over one hundred years of anthropogenic impacts that have led to increased tree density, homogenization in forest structure, and accumulation of woody material, which combined with a changing climate pose threats to valued social and ecological features. In California, recent waves of tree mortality and unprecedented large and destructive fires have led to rising concerns about the impact of these disturbances on biodiversity and how forest management actions can mitigate negative impacts. To better understand the degree to which...AuthorsAngela M. White, Tim G. Holland, Eric Abelson, Alec Kretchun, Charles J. Maxwell, Robert M. SchellerKeywordsSourceEcology and Society: 27(2):31.Year2022
- Wildfire dynamics are changing around the world and understanding their effects on ecological communities and landscapes is urgent and important. We report detailed food webs for unburned, low-to-moderate and high severity burned habitats three years post-fire in the Eldorado National Forest, California. The cumulative cross-habitat food web contains 3,084 ontogenetic stages (nodes) or plant parts comprising 849 species (including 107 primary producers, 634 invertebrates, 94 vertebrates). There were 178,655 trophic interactions between these nodes. We provide information on taxonomy, body...AuthorsJohn P. McLaughlin, John W. Schroeder, Angela M. White, Kate Culhane, Haley E. Mirts, Gina L. Tarbill, Laura Sire, Matt Page, Elijah J. Baker, Max Moritz, Justin Brashares, Hillary S. Young, Rahel SollmannSourceScientific Data. 9(1): 384Year2022
- Disruption of plant–pollinator interactions by invasive predators is poorly understood but may pose a critical threat for native ecosystems. In a multiyear field experiment in Hawai'i, we suppressed abundances of globally invasive predators and then observed insect visitation to flowers of six native plant species. Three plant species are federally endangered (Haplostachys haplostachya, Silene lanceolata, Tetramolopium arenarium) and three are common throughout their range (Bidens menziesii, Dubautia linearis, Sida fallax). Insect visitors were primarily generalist pollinators, including...AuthorsChristina Liang, Aaron B. Shiels, William P. Haines, Manette E. Sandor, Clare E. AslanKeywordsSourceEcological Applications. 32(2): e2522Year2022
- Recent wildfires across western North America have burned with uncharacteristically high severity, representing a substantial departure from natural fire regimes. In mixed-conifer and pine–oak ecosystems of the southern Cascade Range, widespread shifts in stand structure and composition have led to a diversity of post-wildfire vegetation responses. When recent wildfire “footprints” reburn in subsequent fires, their recovery pathways are complex. In order to understand the effects of overlapping mixed-severity fires, we quantified changes in overstory and midstory structure and species...AuthorsDeborah G. Nemens, Kathryn R. Kidd, J. Morgan Varner, Brian M. WingKeywordsSourceEcosphere. 13(8): e4184Year2022
- Wildland–urban interfaces (WUIs), the juxtaposition of highly and minimally developed lands, are an increasingly prominent feature on Earth. WUIs are hotspots of environmental and ecological change that are often priority areas for planning and management. A better understanding of WUI dynamics and their role in the coupling between cities and surrounding wildlands is needed to reduce the risk of environmental hazards, ensure the continued provisioning of ecosystem services, and conserve threatened biodiversity. To fill this need, we propose an expanded framework for WUIs that not only...AuthorsG Darrel Jenerette, Kurt Anderson, Mary Cadenasso, Mark E. Fenn, Janet Franklin, Michael Goulden, Loralee Larios, Stephanie Pincetl, Helen Regan, Sergio Rey, Louis Santiago, Alexandra D. SyphardSourceFrontiers in Ecology and the Environment. 20: 196Year2022
- Aim Spatial patterns in resource supply drive variability in vegetation structure and function, yet quantification of this variability for tropical dry forests (TDFs) remains rudimentary. Several climate-driven indices have been developed to classify and delineate TDFs globally, but there has not been a climo-edaphic synthesis of these indices to assess and delineate the extent of TDFs. A statistical climo-edaphic synthesis of these indices is therefore required. Location Pantropical. Time period Modern. Major taxa studied Vascular plants. Methods We assembled most known prior descriptions...AuthorsMarinés de la Peña‐Domene, Gerardo Rodríguez Tapia, Natalia Mesa‐Sierra, Anaitzi Rivero‐Villar, Christian P. Giardina, Nels G. Johnson, Julio Campo, Tom GillespieKeywordsSourceGlobal Ecology and Biogeography. 31(9): 1850-1863Year2022
- Large, severe wildfires continue to burn in frequent-fire adapted forests but the mechanisms that contribute to them and their predictability are important questions. Using a combination of ground based and remotely sensed data we analyzed the behavior and patterns of the 2020 Creek Fire where drought and bark beetles had previously created substantial levels of tree mortality in the southern Sierra Nevada. We found that dead biomass and live tree densities were the most important variables predicting fire severity; high severity fire encompassed 41% of the area and the largest high...AuthorsScott L. Stephens, Alexis A. Bernal, Brandon M. Collins, Mark A. Finney, Chris Lautenberger, David SaahKeywordsSourceForest Ecology and Management. 518: 120258.Year2022