Treesearch

Streamflow from two 30-acre watersheds near Honolulu was studied by using principal components regression analysis. Models using data on monthly, storm, and peak discharges were tested against several variables expressing amount and intensity of rainfall, and against variables expressing antecedent rainfall. Explained variation ranged from 78 to 94 percent. The analysis provided some clues as to the dominant hydrologic processes under three different watershed conditions.

The three-dimensional structure of the Santa Ana was investigated in two case studies. Incorporated into a descriptive model of the Santa Ana were: (a) a bispectral gravity wave flow with a lee trough, produced by conservation of potential vorticity having a wave length of the order of 300 km. and short waves 6 to 10 km. long; (b) intensity of the foehn related to the Montgomery stream function on an isentropic surface in the upper portion of the planetary boundary layer; and (c) foehn islands and foehn surfacing related to the long and short waves, respectively.

Hawaii has no native pines, but many species have been introduced as ornamental or potential timber trees. These species have been planted in environments that differ greatly from their natural habitat. This paper describes how the coordinated seasonal cycle of growth and flowering has been influenced by the climatic conditions these pines have encountered in Hawaii.

Describes the climatic, edaphic, physiographic, and biotic habitat conditions of the natural range of redwood (Sequoia sempervirens [D. Don] Endl.) and how this tree reproduces, grows, and dies.

Military support activities in Hawaii use between 50 and 150 thousand board feet of lumber annually for which locally grown and produced hardwood lumber might be used. In addition, the "other Pacific" market uses about 2 million board feet of hard-wood lumber annually. The Pacific Basin can be an important market for the Hawaii timber products industry because of the locational advantage it has compared with producers in the United States mainland.

Five principal processes by which intercepted snow in trees is removed during snow storms are described and evaluated as far as data permit: vapor flux from melt water, vapor flux from bodies of snow, stem flow and dripping of melt water, sliding of bodies of intercepted snow from branches, and wind erosion and transport of intercepted snow. Further research is suggested to evaluate each mass-transport process and to determine how it is affected by atmospheric and forest conditions.

The Caspar Creek Watershed Study, is located on the Jackson State Forest. It is a cooperative study by the California Division of Forestry, The Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, the California Department of Water Resources and the California Department of Fish and Game. The precipitation records were started in 1961. The weirs, however, were not completed until November 1962. The study area is five miles south of Fort Bragg and five miles inland. It consists of two comparable watersheds: the North Fork which drains 1264 acres, and the South Fork which drains 1078 acres.

Germination, survival, and growth of ponderosa pine, sugar pine, white fir, and incense-cedar were studied in relation to such environmental factors as air and soil temperatures, light intensity, and soil moisture. The germination of ponderosa pine was best, followed by sugar pine, incense-cedar, and white fir. After 5 years, sugar pine had the highest survival rate, followed by ponderosa pine, incense-cedar, and white fir. Highest survival occurred on a cleared, north-facing slope. Natural regeneration of the pines can succeed with protection from rodents and elimination of competition.

In 1961, cooperative watershed management research in the Lower Conifer Zone of California was started. Currently, the research is being conducted by the Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station of the U. S. Forest Service with the cooperation of the State of California, Department of Water Resources, and the Division of Forestry. Recently, the Station entered into a cooperative agreement with Humboldt State College for joint research on the Caspar Creek Study. Research in the Lower Conifer Zone is designed to obtain information and develop principles which will give greater...