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Displaying 101 - 110 of 12,295 Publications
- Whitebark pine (WBP; Pinus albicaulis) is a five-needle conifer tree species native to the western United States (US) and southwestern Canada. In the US, this ecologically important species is listed as ‘threatened’ under the Endangered Species Act because of population declines from compound stressors, including climate change, introduced white pine blister rust (WPBR), widespread outbreaks of mountain pine beetle, and altered fire regimes. Species recovery depends primarily on planting WBP seedlings that are resistant to WPBR, but suitable planting locations are likely to shift under...AuthorsSean A. Parks, Kira Hefty, Jaclyn Rushing, Sara A. Goeking, Diana F. Tomback, Sharon M. Hood, Chris Toney, Destin L. Harrell, James Lindstrom, Cameron E. Naficy, Michele R. Slaton, Benjamin S. Soderquist, E. J. TaylorKeywordsSourceEnvironmental Research Letters. 20: 104012.Year2025
- Land use change threatens global biodiversity and compromises ecosystem functions, including pollination and food production. Reduced taxonomic α-diversity is often reported under land use change, yet the impacts could be different at larger spatial scales (i.e., γ-diversity), either due to reduced β-diversity amplifying diversity loss or increased β-diversity dampening diversity loss. Additionally, studies often focus on taxonomic diversity, while other important biodiversity components, including phylogenetic diversity, can exhibit differential responses. Here, we evaluated how agricultur...AuthorsToby P. N. Tsang, A. A. Amado De Santis, Gabriela Armas‐Quiñonez, John S. Ascher, Eva Samanta Ávila‐Gómez, András Báldi, Kimberly Ballare, Mario V Balzan, Weronika Banaszak‐Cibicka, Svenja Bänsch, Yves Basset, Adam J. Bates, Jessica M. Baumann, Mariana Beal‐Neves, Ashley Bennett, Antonio Diego M. Bezerra, Betina Blochtein, Riccardo Bommarco, Berry Brosi, Laura A. Burkle, Luísa G. Carvalheiro, Ignacio Castellanos, Marcela Cely‐Santos, Hamutahl Cohen, Drissa Coulibaly, Saul A. Cunningham, Sarah Cusser, Isabelle Dajoz, Deborah A. Delaney, Ek Del‐Val, Monika Egerer, Markus P. Eichhorn, Eunice Enríquez, Martin H. Entling, Natalia Escobedo‐Kenefic, Pedro Maria Abreu Ferreira, Gordon Fitch, Jessica R. K. Forrest, Valérie Fournier, Robert Fowler, Breno M. Freitas, Hannah R. Gaines‐Day, Benoît Geslin, Jaboury Ghazoul, Paul Glaum, Jose L. Gonzalez‐Andujar, Adrian González‐Chaves, Heather Grab, Claudio Gratton, Solène Guenat, Catalina Gutiérrez‐Chacón, Mark A. Hall, Mick E. Hanley, Annika Hass, Ernest Ireneusz Hennig, Martin Hermy, Juliana Hipólito, Andrea Holzschuh, Sebastian Hopfenmüller, Keng‐Lou James Hung, Kristoffer Hylander, Jordi Izquierdo, Mary A. Jamieson, Birgit Jauker, Steve Javorek, Shalene Jha, Björn K. Klatt, David Kleijn, Alexandra‐Maria Klein, Anikó Kovács‐Hostyánszki, Jochen Krauss, Michael Kuhlmann, Patricia Landaverde‐González, Tanya Latty, Misha Leong, Susannah B. Lerman, Yunhui Liu, Ana Carolina Pereira Machado, Anson Main, Rachel Mallinger, Yael Mandelik, Bruno Ferreira Marques, Kevin Matteson, Frédéric McCune, Ling‐Zeng Meng, Jean Paul Metzger, Paula María Montoya‐Pfeiffer, Carolina Morales, Lora Morandin, Jane Morrison, Sonja Mudri‐Stojnić, Pakorn Nalinrachatakan, Olivia Norfolk, Mark Otieno, Mia G. Park, Stacy M. Philpott, Gideon Pisanty, Montserrat Plascencia, Simon G. Potts, Eileen F. Power, Kit Prendergast, Robyn D. Quistberg, Davi de Lacerda Ramos, André Rodrigo Rech, Victoria Reynolds, Miriam H. Richards, Stuart P. M. Roberts, Malena Sabatino, Ulrika Samnegård, Hillary Sardiñas, Karina Sánchez‐Echeverría, Fernanda Teixeira Saturni, Jeroen Scheper, Amber R. Sciligo, C. Sheena Sidhu, Brian J. Spiesman, Tuanjit Sritongchuay, Ingolf Steffan‐Dewenter, Katharina Stein, Alyssa B. Stewart, Jane C. Stout, Hisatomo Taki, Pornpimon Tangtorwongsakul, Caragh G. Threlfall, Carla Faleiro Tinoco, Teja Tscharntke, Katherine J. Turo, Chatura Vaidya, Rémy Vandame, Carlos H. Vergara, Blandina F. Viana, Eric Vides‐Borrell, Natapot Warrit, Elisabeth Webb, Catrin Westphal, Jennifer B. Wickens, Neal M. Williams, Nicholas S. G. Williams, Caleb J. Wilson, Panlong Wu, Elsa Youngsteadt, Yi Zou, Lauren C. Ponisio, Timothy C. BonebrakeSourceGlobal Change BiologyYear2025
- Nepytia janetae is a previously innocuous non-eruptive species that has recently incurred multiple devastating outbreaks in the American Southwest. We report information on the life cycle, biology, and impact of this species learned during the first 3 known outbreaks in spruce-fir and mixed-conifer forests of the Pinaleño Mountains and White Mountains of Arizona and the Sacramento Mountains of New Mexico. N. janetae is a univoltine, autumn- and winter-feeding wasteful defoliator with 3-yr eruptive outbreaks. Outbreaks terminate with parasitism, viral infection, starvation, and in one...AuthorsAnn M. Lynch, Roberta A. Fitzgibbon, T. J. RogersKeywordsSourceEnvironmental Entomology. 54(4): 952-966.Year2025
- Fire regimes are changing across the globe, with new wildfire behaviour phenomena and increasing impacts felt, especially in ecosystems without clear adaptations to wildfire. These trends pose significant challenges to the scientific community in understanding and communicating these changes and their implications, particularly where we lack underlying scientific evidence to inform decision-making. Here, we present a perspective on priority directions for wildfire science research—through the lens of academic and government wildfire scientists from a historically wildfire-prone (USA) and...AuthorsKerryn Little, Rayanne Vitali, Claire M. Belcher, Nicholas Kettridge, Adam F. A. Pellegrini, Adriana E. S. Ford, Alistair M. S. Smith, Andy Elliott, Apostolos Voulgarakis, Cathelijne R. Stoof, Crystal A. Kolden, Dylan W. Schwilk, Eric B. Kennedy, Fiona E. Newman Thacker, Gail R. Millin-Chalabi, Gareth D. Clay, James I Morison, Jessica L. McCarty, Katy Ivison, Kevin Tansey, Kimberley J. Simpson, Matthew W. Jones, Michelle C. Mack, Peter Z. Fule, Rob Gazzard, Sandy P. Harrison, Stacey New, Susan E. Page, Tilly E. Hall, Tim Brown, W. Matt Jolly, Stefan DoerrKeywordsSourcePhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences. 380: 1924.Year2025
- The term ‘megafire’ is increasingly used to describe large fires worldwide. We proposed a size-based definition of megafire - fires exceeding 10,000 ha arising from single or multiple related ignition events. A recent perspective in Global Ecology and Biogeography argues against a size-based definition of megafire and suggest that the term is too emotive for scientific use. We highlight that many scientific terms originate from common terms. These terms are often defined once they enter the scientific lexicon, enhancing both scientific understanding and public communication. We argue that...AuthorsGrant D. Linley, Chris J. Jolly, Tim S. Doherty, William L. Geary, Dolors Armenteras, Claire M. Belcher, Rebecca Bliege Bird, Andrea Duane, Michael-Shawn Fletcher, Melisa A. Giorgis, Angie Haslem, Gavin M. Jones, Luke T. Kelly, Calvin K. F. Lee, Rachael H. Nolan, Catherine L. Parr, Juli G. Pausas, Jodi N. Price, Adrian Regos, Euan G. Ritchie, Julien Ruffault, Grant J. Williamson, Qianhan Wu, Dale G. NimmoKeywordsSourceGlobal Ecology and Biogeography. 34(4): e70032.Year2025
- Background: Wildfire simulation models are used to derive maps of burn probability (BP) based on fuels, weather, topography and ignition locations, and BP maps are key components of wildfire risk assessments. Aims: Few studies have compared BP maps with real-world fires to evaluate their suitability for near-future risk assessment. Here, we evaluated a BP map for the conterminous US based on the large fire simulation model FSim. Methods: We compared BP with observed wildfires from 2016 to 2022 across 128 regions representing similar fire regimes (‘pyromes’). We evaluated the distribution...AuthorsAmanda R. Carlson, Todd J. Hawbaker, Lucas Bair, Chad M. Hoffman, James R. Meldrum, Scott Baggett, Paul F. StebleinKeywordsSourceInternational Journal of Wildland Fire. 34: WF23196.Year2025
- Forests are changing rapidly due to drought, disease, wildfire, and forest management, with unknown impacts on snowmelt resources. While hyper-resolution forest hydrology models capture the effects of canopy cover amount and arrangement on snowpack, they are too complex for landscape-scale assessments. Here, we evaluated two statistical approaches to emulate high-resolution (1 m) mechanistic model maps of snow variables for future application in forest management and drew inferences about topographic vs. forest canopy controls. We tested a simple landscape classification using one or more...AuthorsJoel A. Biederman, Ravindra Dwivedi, Patrick D. Broxton, Travis Woolley, Jackson M. Leonard, m Bohumil M. Svoma, Marcos D. RoblesKeywordsSourceJournal of Hydrology. 662(A): 133886.Year2025
- Wildfires accelerate soil erosion. Preventive fuel management and post-fire control measures are two distinct strategies that can be used to mitigate wildfire-induced soil loss with varying effectiveness and costs. Here, we quantified the impacts and effectiveness of pre- versus post-fire treatment strategies on soil loss mitigation. We coupled fire simulations with soil erosion modelling to estimate annual wildfire-induced soil loss for two watersheds in Portugal. We identified optimal treatment locations with the aim of maximizing the reduction in soil loss, and estimated treatment...AuthorsAkli Benali, Yacine Benhalima, Bruno Aparício, Sandeep Timilsina, Jacob Keizer, Alan AgerKeywordsSourceForests. 16: 1202.Year2025
- Designing large-scale fuel reduction programs has increasingly become a complex planning process owing to multifaceted fire management objectives that vary in space and time. In many fire-prone systems, fuel management strategies rely on fuel break networks (FBN) and fuel treatment mosaics (FTM) to mitigate wildfire impacts. While both archetypes are being widely implemented as part of newer fire management initiative, managers must decide how to allocate investments to best achieve desired long-term outcomes. This problem creates a new spatial prioritization paradigm that has long-term...AuthorsBruno A. Aparicio, Akli Benali, Alan Ager, Jose M. C. PereiraKeywordsSourceFire Ecology. 21: 45.Year2025
- In the Great Basin of the western United States, annual grass invasion has initiated a novel grass-fire cycle that has transformed vast areas of semi-arid shrublands into non-native annual grasslands that now burn frequently. After the initial transformation, the system is so fire prone that it is difficult to find areas that have not burned repeatedly. We evaluated how the ecosystem responds in the absence of repeated fire to determine if management interventions preventing it could be used to restore the native shrubland.We created a regional-scale chronosequence of areas that burned...AuthorsAdam L. Mahood, Jennifer K. Balch, David M. Barnard, Katherine N. Suding, Jeanne C. ChambersKeywordsSourceBiological Conservation. 310: 111400.Year2025