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- Spatio-temporal models are widely used in many research areas from ecology to epidemiology. However, a limited number of computational tools are available for modeling river network datasets in space and time. In this paper, we introduce the R package SSNbayes for fitting Bayesian spatio-temporal models and making predictions on branching stream networks. SSNbayes provides a linear regression framework with multiple options for incorporating spatial and temporal autocorrelation. Spatial dependence is captured using stream distance and flow connectivity while temporal autocorrelation is...AuthorsEdgar Santos-Fernandez, Jay M. Ver Hoef, James McGree, Daniel J. Isaak, Kerrie Mengersen, Erin E. PetersonSourceThe R Journal. 15(3): 26-58.Year2023
- To better understand the effects of wildfire on water quality, water and ash samples were collected at multiple stream and river locations following the Cameron Peak Fire. These sites included both burned and unburned parts of the Cache La Poudre watershed in northern Colorado. A series of benzene polycarboxylic acids (BPCAs), including benzene, naphthenic, and biphenyl polycarboxylic acids, were quantitatively measured in streamwater samples for their occurrence in the watersheds; numerous isomers were also detected. High-flow storm events, containing high concentrations of charred...AuthorsE. Michael Thurman, Imma Ferrer, Mackenzie Bowden, Cresten Mansfeldt, Timothy Fegel, Charles C. Rhoades, Fernando Rosario-OrtizKeywordsSourceACS EST Water. 3: 3848-3857.Year2023
- An unanswered question in conservation economics is how to leverage impact investing for the provision of ecosystem services. We develop and apply a general conceptual model of a diversified ecosystem service portfolio to highlight two key insights about which ecosystem services will attract impact investing. First, generating a positive expected return via markets or payments for ecosystem services is a necessary but insufficient condition to elicit impact investment in ecosystem services. Second, ecosystem services can show a new diversification value that increases the value of the...AuthorsCharles Sims, Ben Blachly, Travis WarziniackKeywordsSourceLand Economics. 100(2): 296-313.Year2023
- Forest managers must balance multiple objectives and consider tradeoffs when developing a management plan. Complex interactions between successional dynamics and natural disturbances make it challenging, especially when decisions play out under the deep and dynamic uncertainties associated with climate change. Here we explored a suite of management strategies to maximize multiple management objectives and minimize tradeoffs under future climate projections and quantified the greatest sources of uncertainty. We used a spatially-explicit forest simulation model (LANDIS-II) to simulate the...AuthorsMelissa S. Lucash, Neil G. Williams, Vivek Srikrishnan, Klaus Keller, Robert M. Scheller, Casey Hegelson, Robert E. Nicholas, Erica A. H. SmithwickSourceTrees, Forests and People. 14: 100460.Year2023
- Camera trapping has revolutionized wildlife ecology and conservation by providing automated data acquisition, leading to the accumulation of massive amounts of camera trap data worldwide. Although management and processing of camera trap-derived Big Data are becoming increasingly solvable with the help of scalable cyber-infrastructures, harmonization and exchange of the data remain limited, hindering its full potential. There is currently no widely accepted standard for exchanging camera trap data. The only existing proposal, “Camera Trap Metadata Standard” (CTMS), has several technical...AuthorsJakub W. Bubnicki, Ben Norton, Steven J. Baskauf, Tom Bruce, Francesca Cagnacci, Jim Casaer, Marcin Churski, Joris P. G. M. Cromsigt, Simone Dal Farra, Christian Fiderer, Tavis Forrester, Heidi Hendry, Marco Heurich, Tim R. Hofmeester, Patrick A. Jansen, Roland Kays, Dries P. J. Kuijper, Yorick Liefting, John D. C. Linnell, Matthew S. Luskin, Christopher Mann, Tanja Milotic, Peggy Newman, Jurgen Niedballa, Damiano Oldoni, Federico Ossi, Tim Robertson, Francesco Rovero, Marcus Rowcliffe, Lorenzo Seidenari, Izabela Stachowicz, Dan Stowell, Mathias W. Tobler, John Wieczorek, Fridolin Zimmermann, Peter DesmetSourceRemote Sensing in Ecology and Conservation. 10(3): 283-295.Year2023
- Predator-prey interactions can be profoundly influenced by vegetation conditions, particularly when predator and prey prefer different habitats. Although such interactions have proven challenging to study for small and cryptic predators, recent methodological advances substantially improve opportunities for understanding how vegetation influences prey acquisition and strengthen conservation planning for this group. The California Spotted Owl (Strix occidentalis occidentalis) is well known as an old-forest species of conservation concern, but whose primary prey in many regions - woodrats...AuthorsZachary A. Wilkinson, H. Anu Kramer, Gavin M. Jones, Ceeanna J. Zulla, Kate McGinn, Josh M. Barry, Sarah Sawyer, Richard Tanner, R. J. Gutierrez, John J. Keane, Zachariah PeeryKeywordsSourceOrnithological Applications. 125: duac048.Year2023
- Context The concept of landscape heterogeneity is central to species conservation; yet understanding the processes by which heterogeneity affects species can be challenging in practice. Complex and sometimes difficult-to-measure responses of species may reflect the outcome of life-history trade-offs shaped by different landscape properties. Objectives We tested the hypothesis that a mosaic of forest stand types affected hunting and breeding success for California spotted owls (Strix occidentailis occidentalis). Methods We integrated high-temporal-resolution GPS tags, video monitoring of...AuthorsCeeanna J. Zulla, Gavin M. Jones, H. Anu Kramer, John J. Keane, Kevin N. Roberts, Brian P. Dotters, Sarah Sawyer, Sheila A. Whitmore, William J. Berigan, Kevin G. Kelly, R. J. Gutierrez, M. Zachariah PeeryKeywordsSourceLandscape Ecology. 38: 2655-2673.Year2023
- Climate and land-use change are modifying the availability of food and water resources, which is driving more wildlife to the wildland-urban interface. For many wildlife populations, use of these areas still requires habitat connectivity both within the interface and/or to wildland habitats. However, navigating these areas can be difficult due to human development and sensory pollutants, such as artificial night light. Determining how these components of urbanization influence the behaviors and functional connectivity of species is important for managing wildlife within these mixed-use...AuthorsMark Ditmer, Neil H. Carter, Kent R. Hersey, Martin Leclerc, George Wittemyer, David C. StonerKeywordsSourceBasic and Applied Ecology. 73: 62-71.Year2023
- Carnivores play critical roles in ecosystems, yet many species are declining worldwide. The Sierra Nevada Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes necator; SNRF) is a rare and endangered subspecies of red fox limited to upper montane forests, subalpine, and alpine environments of California and Oregon, United States. Having experienced significant distribution contractions and population declines in the last century, the subspecies is listed as at-risk by relevant federal and state agencies. Updated information on its contemporary distribution and density is needed to guide and evaluate conservation and...AuthorsDavid S. Green, Marie E. Martin, Sean M. Matthews, Jocelyn R. Akins, Jennifer Carlson, Pete Figura, Brian E. Hatfield, John D. Perrine, Cate Quinn, Benjamin N. Sacks, Thomas R. Stephenson, Sarah L. Stock, Jody M. TuckerKeywordsSourceJournal of Mammalogy. 104(4): 820-832.Year2023
- Parasites can catalyze or inhibit interactions between their hosts and other species, but the ecosystem-level effects of such interaction modifications are poorly understood. We conducted a large-scale field experiment in temperate grasslands of China to understand how foliar fungal pathogens influenced top-down effects of cattle on plant diversity and productivity. When foliar pathogens were suppressed, cattle grazing strongly reduced biomass of the dominant grass, Leymus chinensis, generating competitive release that significantly increased community-level species richness and evenness....AuthorsTianyun Li, Zhiwei Zhong, Dean E. Pearson, Yvette K. Ortega, Wenjun Li, Yanan Li, Hui Zhu, Anita C. Risch, Deli WangKeywordsSourceNew Phytologist. 239: 340-349.Year2023