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- Sagebrush shrublands in the Great Basin, USA, are experiencing widespread increases in wildfire size and area burned resulting in new policies and funding to implement fuel treatments. However, we lack the spatial data needed to optimize the types and locations of fuel treatments across large landscapes and mitigate fire risk. To address this, we developed treatment response groups (TRGs) - sagebrush and pinyon-juniper vegetation associations that differ in resilience to fire and resistance to annual grass invasion (R&R) and thus responses to fuel treatments.AuthorsJeanne C. Chambers, Jessi L. Brown, Matt C. Reeves, Eva K. Strand, Lisa M. Ellsworth, Claire Tortorelli, Alexandra K. Urza, Karen C. ShortKeywordsSourceFire Ecology. 19: 70.Year2024
Long-term video and genetic data yield insights into complex sociality of a solitary large carnivore
American black bears (Ursus americanus) may be more social than currently understood. We used long-term video and genetic data to evaluate social interactions among wild, independent-aged black bear on a conservation property in western Montana, USA. We used multinomial logistic regression to evaluate predictions about male-male interactions within the context of individual fitness, female-female interactions within the context of inclusive fitness, and male-female interactions within the context of female counterstrategies to infanticide. Overall, our findings challenged the assumption...AuthorsMelissa Reynolds-Hogland, Carly Brooks, Alan B. Ramsey, John S. Hogland, Kristine L. Pilgrim, Cory L. Engkjer, Philip W. RamseyKeywordsSourceBehavioural Processes. 214: 104972.Year2024- Lamprey are a lineage of boneless fish that is older than trees. Traditionally, lamprey species have been identified by morphology - that is, their visible features, such as teeth. However, this method can be unreliable because without bones, lampreys don’t have many distinguishing features, and most of these don’t develop until adulthood. Thus, significant conservation actions may be taken, or not taken, based on species designations that are … slippery.AuthorsKellie Carim, Doug LarsonSourceScience You Can Use (in 5 Minutes), January 2023. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 2 p.Year2024
- Determining the abundance of cryptic carnivores is central to building successful conservation management to mitigate conflicts and support coexistence strategies. For these reasons, there is considerable investment in developing reliable, cost-effective tools for estimating the abundance of wildlife. Nevertheless, field-based comparisons of abundance methods remain uncommon, even while essential to refining methods and coming to consensus around best practices. Here, we compare two approaches still being tested in real-world application for an emblematic puma (Puma concolor) population in...AuthorsL. M. Elbroch, S. H. Williams, O. Ohrens, Kristine L. Pilgrim, A. Moeller, S. Arroyo-Arce, M. Parker, D. Goic, H. Robinson, Michael K. SchwartzKeywordsSourceAnimal Conservation. 27: 283-292.Year2024
- This six-volume assessment provides information on the current conditions of riparian, aquatic, and groundwater-dependent ecosystems on the Rogue River-Siskiyou, Klamath, Six Rivers, Shasta-Trinity, and Mendocino National Forests of southern Oregon and northern California. We used peer-reviewed literature and national and regional-level data from the forests and their partners to evaluate the status of several key ecosystem characteristics. These characteristics are distribution, hydrologic regimes, water quality, connectivity, instream habitat quality, and riparian reserve condition for...AuthorsD. Max Smith, Laurel F. Martinez, Cynthia King, Taylor L. Pearson, Katelyn P. DriscollKeywordsSourceGen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-434-vol. 4. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 86 p. https://doi.org/10.2737/RMRS-GTR-434-vol-4.Year2024
- We developed spatial Bayesian hierarchical models to assess potential climate change impacts on suitable habitat for five important tree species in the Pacific northwestern United States (California, Oregon, and Washington). Individual-species models were fit with presence-absence data from forest inventory field plots and spatial relationships were specified through a conditional autoregressive model. This modeling approach allowed us to visualize uncertainty in response curves, map current and future prediction uncertainty, and provide interval estimates for change. Upward elevational or...AuthorsKarin Kralicek, Jay M. Ver Hoef, Tara M. Barrett, Hailemariam TemesgenKeywordsSourceEcosphere. 14(3): e4449.Year2023
- 1. Dominance often indicates one or a few species being best suited for resource capture and retention in a given environment. Press perturbations that change availability of limiting resources can restructure competitive hierarchies, allowing new species to capture or retain resources and leaving once dominant species fated to decline. However, dominant species may maintain high abundances even when their new environments no longer favour them due to stochastic processes associated with their high abundance, impeding deterministic processes that would otherwise diminish them.2. Here, we...AuthorsPeter A. Wilfahrt, Eric W. Seabloom, Jonathan D. Bakker, Lori Biederman, Miguel N. Bugalho, Marc W. Cadotte, Maria C. Caldeira, Jane A. Catford, Qingqing Chen, Ian Donohue, Anne Ebeling, Nico Eisenhauer, Sylvia Haider, Robert W. Heckman, Anke Jentsch, Sally E. Koerner, Kimberly J. Komatsu, Ramesh Laungani, Andrew MacDougall, Jason P. Martina, Holly Martinson, Joslin L. Moore, Yujie Niu, Timothy Ohlert, Harry Olde Venterink, Devyn Orr, Pablo Peri, Edwin Pos, Jodi Price, Xavier Raynaud, Zhengwei Ren, Christiane Roscher, Nicholas G. Smith, Carly J. Stevens, Lauren L. Sullivan, Michelle Tedder, Pedro M. Tognetti, Ciska Veen, George Wheeler, Alyssa L. Young, Hillary Young, Elizabeth T. BorerKeywordsSourceJournal of Ecology. 111: 2472-2482.Year2023
- The Great Basin floristic region spans three Level III ecoregions (Central Basin and Range, Northern Basin and Range, and Snake River Plain) and makes up a large portion of the Intermountain West of the United States. Over 75% of the Great Basin is publicly owned and managed by the US federal land management agencies, with state agencies also managing large areas. The primary human uses of public lands are grazing and recreation, with mining and oil and gas development found in some locations. The Great Basin has a range of mostly arid and semi-arid ecosystems from salt desert through...AuthorsFrancis F. Kilkenny, Jeffrey E. Ott, Sarah C. Barga, Jessica Irwin, Kimberly Rizkowsky, Nyika Campbell, Bryce A. Richardson, Elizabeth R. Milano, Corey GuckerKeywordsSourceBoise, ID: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 53 p.Year2023
- The risk of destructive wildfire on fire-prone landscapes with excessive fuel buildup has prompted the use of fuel reduction treatments to protect valued resources from wildfire damage. The question of how to maximize the effectiveness of fuel reduction treatments at landscape scales is important because treating an entire landscape may be undesirable or unfeasible. We reviewed 86 simulation studies that examined landscape-scale fuel reduction treatment effectiveness for landscapes of the USA or Canada. Each of these studies tested effects of fuel reduction treatments on wildfire through...AuthorsJeffrey E. Ott, Francis F. Kilkenny, Terrie B. JainKeywordsSourceFire Ecology. 19: 10.Year2023
- By all measures, wildfires in the western United States are becoming more extreme. Fires are growing larger and burning more intensely, and suppression costs are spiraling upward. Maximizing the effectiveness of fuel treatments at the landscape scale is key given limited resources and the inability to treat all areas likely to burn in a wildfire.AuthorsTerrie B. Jain, Sharon M. Hood, Shawn McKinney, Jeffrey E. Ott, Alexandra K. Urza, Morgan Varner, Ilana Abrahamson, Nathaniel Anderson, Michael A. Battaglia, Jeanne C. Chambers, Brice Hanberry, Francis F. Kilkenny, Joseph O’BrienKeywordsSourceScience You Can Use Bulletin, Issue 59. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 11 p.Year2023