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- It is well understood that complex abiotic and biotic factors influence soil dynamics. To better understand these interactions, the ability to discuss focal taxa at a species level could be incredibly informative, albeit difficult to accomplish due to limited knowledge of existing taxa diversity. The utilization of microhabitats by different species may be important in explaining community compositions among forest types. Collembolans represent a unique focus group to help understand soil dynamics because they respond strongly to physico-chemical and/or biological changes that occur within...AuthorsClaudia M. Ospina-SánchezSourceDoctoral dissertation. Río Piedras, P.R., University of Puerto Rico, Natural Sciences Faculty, Biology Department. 195 pp.Year2019
- The intensification of agricultural land and the massive use of synthetic fertilizers to increase crop productivity represents a global concern. The concern is whether an acceptable standard level of environmental and/or ecological quality can be met and maintained while simultaneously intensifying production through chemical inputs. Though useful, studies have shown the intensification of land use through mechanization, agrochemical inputs, and unsustainable crop management practices provoke harmful impacts on the environment. These effects are mainly contamination of surface and groundwat...AuthorsEvald MacenoKeywordsSourceMaster’s thesis. University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus. College of Natural Sciences Department of Environmental Science. Río Piedras, Puerto Rico. 108 pp.Year2019
- Tropical forests exchange more carbon dioxide with the atmosphere than any other terrestrial biome on Earth. Yet, uncertainty in the projected global carbon balance over the next century is ~3 times greater for the tropics than for any other latitude. Our poor knowledge of tropical plant physiological responses to climate change – particularly photosynthetic responses – has been identified as one of the greatest sources of uncertainty in multiple efforts to estimate and forecast the global terrestrial carbon sink. Furthermore, tropical regions are expected to experience temperatures beyond...AuthorsKelsey R CarterKeywordsSourceDoctoral dissertation. Michigan: Michigan Technological University, School of Forest Resources and Environmental Science. 248 pp.Year2019
- Tropical forest degradation from logging, fire, and fragmentation not only alters carbon stocks and carbon fluxes, but also impacts physical land-surface properties such as albedo and roughness length. Such impacts are poorly quantified to date due to difficulties in accessing and maintaining observational infrastructures, and the lack of proper modeling tools for capturing the interactions among biophysical properties, ecosystem demography, canopy structure, and biogeochemical cycling in tropical forests. As a first step to address these limitations, we implemented a selective logging...AuthorsMaoyi Huang, Yi Xu, Marcos Longo, Michael Keller, Ryan Knox, Charles Koven, Rosie FisherSourceBiogeosciencesYear2019
Attitudes toward Residential Trees and Awareness of Tree Services and Disservices in a Tropical City
Attitudes toward urban residential trees and awareness of their ecosystem services and disservices may play an important role in management decisions of private residential green spaces with important consequences to urban sustainability. In 2011, 397 household surveys were conducted in six locations of the Río Piedras Watershed (San Juan, Puerto Rico) to evaluate residents’ attitudes toward residential and neighborhood trees and their association with household socio-demographic factors, how awareness of services and disservices relate to the spatial proximity of trees (home versus...AuthorsSofia Olivero-Lora, Elvia Meléndez-Ackerman, Luis Santiago, Raúl Santiago-Bartolomei, Diana García-MontielKeywordsSourceSustainabilityYear2019- Successful attainment of SDG17 is essential for implementing the other 16 SDGs, all of which depend upon secure means of implementation and durable partnerships. Funding for forests from ODA and other sources has trended upwards since 2000, providing reason for cautious optimism. However, REDD+ finance is declining. Private sector investment remains important. The idea of impact investment, which aims to solve pressing environmental and social problems while providing a return for investors, could make a significant contribution to the SDGs. However, not all sustainable development finance...AuthorsDavid Humphreys, Benjamin Singer, Kathleen McGinley, Roy Smith, Budds Jessica, Mónica Gabay, Shonil Bhagwat, Wil de Jong, Helen Newing, Charlotte Cross, Poshendra SatyalKeywordsSourceIn P. Katila, C. Pierce Colfer, W. De Jong, G. Galloway, P. Pacheco, & G. Winkel (Eds.), Sustainable Development Goals: Their Impacts on Forests and PeopleYear2019
- The temperature response of photosynthesis is one of the key factors determining predicted responses to warming in global vegetation models (GVMs). The response may vary geographically, owing to genetic adaptation to climate, and temporally, as a result of acclimation to changes in ambient temperature. Our goal was to develop a robust quantitative global model representing acclimation and adaptation of photosynthetic temperature responses. We quantified and modelled key mechanisms responsible for photosynthetic temperature acclimation and adaptation using a global dataset of photosyntheti...AuthorsDushan P. Kumarathunge, Belinda E. Medlyn, John E. Drake, Mark G. Tjoelker, Michael J. Aspinwall, Michael Battaglia, Francisco J. Cano, Kelsey R. Carter, Molly A. Cavaleri, Lucas A. Cernusak, Jeffrey Q. Chambers, Kristine Y. Crous, Martin G. De Kauwe, Dylan N. Dillaway, Erwin Dreyer, David S. Ellsworth, Oula Ghannoum, Qingmin Han, Kouki Hikosaka, Anna M. Jensen, Jeff W. G. Kelly, Eric L. Kruger, Lina M. Mercado, Yusuke Onoda, Peter B. Reich, Alistair Rogers, Martijn Slot, Nicholas G. Smith, Lasse Tarvainen, David T. Tissue, Henrique F. Togashi, Edgard S. Tribuzy, Johan Uddling, Angelica Vårhammar, Göran Wallin, Jeffrey M. Warren, Danielle A. WayKeywordsSourceNew PhytologistYear2019
- While studies have suggested that climate change adaptation will require dynamic sets of knowledge types—scientific, technical, local, and tacit—about complex, interconnected problems across spatial and temporal scales, less attention has been directed to how these different ways of knowing might be used to transform specific urban knowledge systems that are currently in place, to align with diverse societal needs, and to open new pathways for designing how cities sense, anticipate, adapt to, and learn from extreme weather events. This special issue on knowledge systems for urban resilience...AuthorsMathieu Feagan, Marissa Matsler, Sara Meerow, Tischa A. A. Munoz, Robert Hobbins, Changdeok Gim, Clark A. MillerKeywordsSourceEnvironmental Science & PolicyYear2019
- AuthorsWilliam A. Gould, Maya QuinonesKeywordsSourcePound, Grant (comp.). 2019. Aldo and Leonardo: A wilderness science and art collaboration. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-397. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 126 p.Year2019
- AuthorsGrizelle GonzalezKeywordsSourcePound, Grant (comp.). 2019. Aldo and Leonardo: A wilderness science and art collaboration. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-397. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 126 p.Year2019