Treesearch

Although soil resources are widely considered as a major factor that reduces the productivity, stature, and diversity of tropical montane cloud forests (TMCF), systematic comparisons of soil resources within and between TMCF are lacking. This study combines published reports on TMCF soils with new data on the soils and forest structure of the Luquillo Mountains in Puerto Rico to assess the current state of knowledge regarding global and local-scale variation in TMCF soils. At the global scale, soils from 33 TMCF sites and over 150 pedons are reviewed. Compared to soils in humid lowland...

Abstract: The ultimate goal of many international and transnational attempts to address global problems is to influence domestic policymaking processes rather than simply to constrain or modify the external behaviour of states. This chapter reviews existing scholarship on the impacts that global forest governance arrangements have had on domestic policymaking processes and decisions. We apply a framework that distinguishes ‘economic globalisation’ – the phenomenon of increasing economic integration – from ‘internationalisation’, in which international and transnational pressures influence...

Between 10 July and 25 October 2001, fog interception (CWI) by a Puerto Rican elfin cloud forest at 970 m.a.s.l. was studied. Values of CWI were estimated from the wet-canopy water budget as the sum of throughfall, stemflow, and interception loss, minus rainfall corrected for the effect of slope. CWI was also estimated from throughfall measurements during periods fog-only. Timing and duration of fog were measured using a wire harp that was protected against rainfall. Estimated rates of CWI correlated significantly (p

BACKGROUND: Species number, functional traits, and phylogenetic history all contribute to characterizing the biological diversity in plant communities. The phylogenetic component of diversity has been particularly difficult to quantify in species-rich tropical tree assemblages. The compilation of previously published (and often incomplete) data on evolutionary relationships of species into a composite phylogeny of the taxa in a forest, through such programs as Phylomatic, has proven useful in building community phylogenies although often of limited resolution. Recently, DNA barcodes have...

Analysis of the extracts of male ants of Monomorium minimum and Monomorium ebeninum by GC-MS and GC-FTIR revealed the presence of tyramides 2 and 4c, for which the structures were established by comparison with synthetic samples. These compounds and their analogues 1 and 3 were also found in males of other Monomorium species, males of Myrmicaria opaciventris, and males of several Solenopsis (Diplorhoptrum) species. Vapor-phase FTIR spectra revealed critically important structural clues to two of the tyramides, which had methyl branching in the tyramide acyl moiety. Tyramide 4c exhibited a...