Treesearch
Search National Treesearch
Displaying 511 - 520 of 17,534 Publications
- Herbivores alter plant quantity and quality through direct tissue consumption and indirectly via the structural and chemical allocational strategies plants deploy in response to herbivory. Herein, we examine how browsing by white-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus alters nutritional quality of six regenerating hardwood species: red maple Acer rubrum, black cherry Prunus serotina, birch Betula spp., pin cherry Prunus pennsylvanica, white ash Fraxinus americana, and American beech Fagus grandifolia. Using an established, large-scale experiment that manipulated deer access to fenced plots, we...AuthorsLaurel M. Glover, Sabrina N. Volponi, Alejandro A. Royo, Tamara L. Johnstone-YellinKeywordsSourceJournal of Fish and Wildlife ManagementYear2024
- Future climate change is expected to result in tree species shifting their geographic distributions in ways that could reorganize species into assemblages with no contemporary analog. These projected no-analog forests raise concern as their ecological function could similarly shift, which may challenge established conservation and management efforts. Here, we implement a community-level modelling approach to identify the key climatic and topographic drivers of forest composition in North America, and then use these models to predict the distribution of “disappearing” and “novel” forest...AuthorsAndrew Gougherty, Anantha M. Prasad, Matthew Peters, Stephen Matthews, Bryce T. AdamsKeywordsSourceGlobal Change BiologyYear2024
Pathways for accidental biocontrol: the human‐mediated dispersal of insect predators and parasitoids
Introductions of insect predators and parasitoids for biological control are a key method for pest management. Yet in recent decades, biological control has become more strictly regulated and less frequent. Conversely, the rate of unintentional insect introductions through human activities is rising. While accidental introductions of insect natural enemies can potentially have serious ecological consequences, they are challenging to quantify as their movements go largely unobserved. We used historical border interception records collected by the US Department of Agriculture from 1913 to...AuthorsGyda Fenn‐Moltu, Andrew M. Liebhold, Donald C. Weber, Cleo BertelsmeierKeywordsSourceEcological ApplicationsYear2024- Tracking individual migratory birds can help researchers link populations across breeding and nonbreeding regions and explore the frequency, locations, and durations of stopovers and other stationary periods. In May–June 2014, we deployed 15 light-level geolocators on male Scarlet Tanagers (Piranga olivacea) in Pennsylvania, USA, and in 2015 we retrieved location data from a single recaptured individual. This individual used 2 disjunct stationary nonbreeding locations in South America: one near the border region of Peru, Bolivia, and Brazil (57.5 d), and the other in northern Peru and the...AuthorsDouglas W. Raybuck, Jeffery L. Larkin, Scott H. Stoleson, Than J. BovesSourceThe Wilson Journal of OrnithologyYear2024
- Introduction: Global climate change and associated stressors threaten forest ecosystems due to the rapid pace of climate change, which could exceed the natural migration rate of some tree species. In response, there is growing interest to research and implement forest assisted migration (FAM). Here, we used a species-independent indicator based on climate analogy, according to the sigma (dis)similarity (σd) index, to match planting sites across the eastern US with (future) climatically-compatible seedlots (CCS). Methods: We developed CCS for a grid composed of 1 × 1° of latitude and...AuthorsBryce T. Adams, Alejandro A. Royo, Christel C. Kern, Dustin Bronson, Stephen Matthews, Andrew Gougherty, Anantha M. Prasad, Louis Iverson, Evan Rehm, Patricia Raymond, Catherine Périé, Jessica R. Miesel, Amanda M. McGrawSourceFrontiers in Forests and Global ChangeYear2024
- In the eastern United States, oak ecosystems historically dominated eastern hardwood forests and provided significant ecological, economic, and aesthetic benefits. However, shifts in forest composition—attributed to factors including fire suppression, climate change, land use changes, and management practices—have led to a rise in shade-tolerant, mesophytic species like maples. These shifts have implications for biodiversity and ecosystem function as oaks are gradually replaced by species that have different ecological roles.AuthorsCherie LeBlanc Fisher, Lauren S. Pile, Jacob S. FraserKeywordsSourceRooted in ResearchYear2024
- Peatlands are the most carbon-dense ecosystems on earth. In tropical mountains, peatlands are numerous and susceptible to rapid degradation and carbon loss after human disturbances. Quantifying where peatlands are located and how they are affected by land use is key in creating a baseline of carbon stocks and greenhouse gas fluxes from tropical mountain peatlands. However, mapping peatlands in the páramo of the Northern Andes is difficult because they are in a topographically complex environment with nearly continuous cloud cover and frequent conversion to pastures or cropland. The goal of...AuthorsMichael J. Battaglia, Angela Lafuente, Juan C. Benavides, Erik Lilleskov, Rodney A. Chimner, Laura L. Bourgeau-Chavez, Patrick Nicolás. Skillings-NeiraKeywordsSourceFrontiers in ClimateYear2024
- Peatlands are found on all continents, covering 3% of the global land area. However, the spatial extent and causes of metal enrichment in peatlands is understudied and no attempt has been made to evaluate global patterns of metal enrichment in bog and fen peatlands, despite that certain metals and rare earth elements (REE) arise from anthropogenic sources. We analyzed 368 peat cores sampled in 16 countries across five continents and measured metal and other element concentrations at three depths down to 70 cm as well as estimated cumulative atmospheric S deposition (1850–2009) for each...AuthorsChetwynd Osborne, Spencer Gilbert-Parkes, Graeme Spiers, Louis James Lamit, Erik Lilleskov, Nathan Basiliko, Shaun Watmough, Roxanne Andersen, Rebekka E. Artz, Brian W. Benscoter, Luca Bragazza, Suzanna L. Bräuer, Michael A. Carson, Xin Chen, Rodney A. Chimner, Bev R. Clarkson, Andrea S. Enriquez, Samantha P. Grover, Lorna I Harris, Christina Hazard, John Hribljan, Sari Juutinen, Evan Kane, Klaus-Holger Knorr, Randy Kolka, Anna M. Laine, Tuula Larmola, Carmody K. McCalley, Jim McLaughlin, Tim R. Moore, Nadia Mykytczuk, Anna E. Normand, David Olefeldt, Virginia Rich, Nigel Roulet, Danielle L. Rupp, Jasmine Rutherford, Christopher W. Schadt, Oliver Sonnentag, Leho Tedersoo, Carl C. Trettin, Eeva-Stiina Tuittila, Merritt Turetsky, Zuzana Urbanová, Ruth K. Varner, Mark P. Waldrop, Meng Wang, Zheng Wang, Magdalena M. Wiedermann, Shanay T. Williams, Joseph B. Yavitt, Zhi-Guo YuKeywordsSourceArchives of Environmental Contamination and ToxicologyYear2024
- Mountain peatlands are understudied globally, especially in tropical regions such as the Andes. Their high abundance across the landscape and thick carbon (C)-rich soils establish them as regionally important C reservoirs. However, they are at high risk of degradation due to unsustainable land use and climate change. Mitigation of these threats requires detailed inventories of C stocks present and improved understanding of the major drivers of long-term C accumulation in these ecosystems. We cored 24 peatlands located between 3000 and 4800 m elevation across Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and...AuthorsJohn A. Hribljan, Moira Hough, Erik Lilleskov, Esteban Suarez, Katherine A. A. Heckman, Ana Maria Planas-Clarke, Rodney A. ChimnerKeywordsSourceMitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global ChangeYear2024
- Humans have dramatically increased atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition globally. This increase in N deposition is correlated with shifts from ectomycorrhizal to arbuscular mycorrhizal tree dominance and with the decline or disappearance of key taxa of ectomycorrhizal fungal (EcMF) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) communities. Strong plant-soil microbe-soil feedbacks may slow recovery of forest mycorrhizal communities after abatement of N deposition. Current estimates of critical loads are 5–6 kg N ha−1 year−1 for conifer-associated EcMF and 10–20 kg N ha−1 year−1 for broadleaf...AuthorsErik Lilleskov, Thomas W. Kuyper, Martin I. Bidartondo, Erik A. HobbieKeywordsSourceIn: Enzai, Du; de Vries, Wim, eds. Atmospheric nitrogen deposition to global forests. London: Academic Press: 95-118.Year2024