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- An increasing threat to U.S. waterways is the establishment and spread of invasive and injurious fishes. A species may be designated by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) as federally “injurious” under the Lacey Act (18 U.S.C. 42) either if that species causes harm (injury) without establishing and spreading (not invasive), or if that species causes harm after establishment and spread (invasive). Species designated as injurious are prohibited from being imported, which is a highly effective way of preventing invasions by nonnative species. We developed a decision-support, risk...AuthorsBruce G. Marcot, Michael H. Hoff, Craig D. Martin, Susan D. Jewell, Carrie E. GivensKeywordsSourceManagement of Biological Invasions. 10(2): 200-226.Year2019
- Western larch forests are iconic in the interior northwest, and here we document the preemptive steps that scientists and managers are taking to steward these forests into the future. Changing climate is forecast to have acute and chronic impacts on growth and disturbance in western larch forests. A group of scientists and managers in the northern Rocky Mountains have teamed up with the Adaptive Silviculture for Climate Change Network in an experiment to proactively manage forests for climate adaptation. The collaborative group developed a gradient of adaptation treatments (i.e., resistance...AuthorsElaine K. Sutherland, Terrie B. Jain, David K. Wright, Melissa Jenkins, Christopher Keyes, Linda M. Nagel, Justin S. CrotteauKeywordsSourceForest Science. 65(4): 528-536.Year2019
- Numerical simulations of laboratory-scale experiments, with no wind imposed, were performed for fuel bed slopes ranging from 0° to 45°. The implementation of a vertical symmetry plane (SP) placed, span-wise, along the middle of the computational domain, was assessed as an approach to reduce computational cost. The simulations were performed with Wildland-urban interface Fire Dynamics Simulator (WFDS). The experimental trends of the compared quantities were reproduced well by the simulations. Radiative heat transfer is the dominant mechanism of heating for slope angles between 0° and 22°,...AuthorsWilliam E. Mell, J. Torres-Arenas, Bret W. Butler, X. Sanchez-MonroyKeywordsSourceFire Safety Journal. 108: 102844.Year2019
- Documenting biodiversity and wildlife behavior is time‐consuming and potentially invasive. Remotely placed cameras often are used to increase sampling and minimize disturbance of focal animals. Such wildlife monitoring programs can entail numerous and lengthy videos requiring massive amounts of time to analyze their content. We evaluated the efficacy of a computer program, MotionMeerkat (http://benweinstein.weebly.com/motionmeerkat.html), for automated detection of motion in 21 continuous, 3‐hour‐long videos monitoring woodpecker (Picidae) nest cavities during 2016 in Washington, USA. The...AuthorsBruce G. Marcot, Teresa Lorenz, Philip Fischer, Ben G. Weinstein, Samuel CowellKeywordsSourceWildlife Society Bulletin. 43(4): 726-736.Year2019
- Insufficient winter chill accumulation can detrimentally impact agriculture. Understanding the changing risk of insufficient chill accumulation can guide orchard management and cultivar selection for long-lived perennial crops including peaches. This study quantifies the influence of modeled anthropogenic climate change on observed chill accumulation since 1981 and projected chill accumulation through the mid-21st century, with a focus on principal peach-growing regions in the southeastern United States, and commonly grown peach cultivars with low, moderate, and high chill accumulation...AuthorsJohn T. Abatzoglou, Lauren E. ParkerKeywordsSourceClimateYear2019
- This guidebook describes major biological and physical attributes of the 2686-ha (6,637-ac) Black Canyon Research Natural Area (RNA), Wheeler County, Oregon. The RNA contains high-quality examples of native plant associations’ representative of the foothills of the Blue Mountains ecoregion.AuthorsReid Schuller, Sarah CanhamKeywordsSourceGen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-969. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 25 p.Year2019
- Recent predictions of hyporheic exchange at the basin‐scale assume individual features control exchange independently of each other, which has been demonstrated in relatively uniform, low‐gradient rivers. However, this assumption may not hold in steep catchments where both the type and size of individual features may vary over short distances, leading to irregular patterns of feature dominance on hyporheic exchange flows. Also, steep longitudinal gradients support substantial downvalley flows in the subsurface, which may create feedbacks between adjacent features. In this study, we test...AuthorsSkuyler P. Herzog, Adam S. Ward, Steve WondzellKeywordsSourceWater Resources Research. 55(12): 10976-10992.Year2019
Spatial and temporal variation in river corridor exchange across a 5th-order mountain stream network
Although most field and modeling studies of river corridor exchange have been conducted at scales ranging from tens to hundreds of meters, results of these studies are used to predict their ecological and hydrological influences at the scale of river networks. Further complicating prediction, exchanges are expected to vary with hydrologic forcing and the local geomorphic setting. While we desire predictive power, we lack a complete spatiotemporal relationship relating discharge to the variation in geologic setting and hydrologic forcing that is expected across a river basin. Indeed, the...AuthorsAdam S. Ward, Steve Wondzell, Noah M. Schmadel, Skuyler Herzog, Jay P. Zarnetske, Viktor Baranov, Phillip J. Blaen, Nicolai Brekenfeld, Rosalie Chu, Romain Derelle, Jennifer Drummond, Jan H. Fleckenstein, Vanessa Garayburu-Caruso, Emily Graham, David Hannah, Ciaran J. Harman, Jase Hixson, Julia L. A. Knapp, Stefan Krause, Marie J. Kurz, Jörg Lewandowski, Angang Li, Eugènia Martí, Melinda Miller, Alexander M. Milner, Kerry Neil, Luisa Orsini, Aaron I Packman, Stephen Plont, Lupita Renteria, Kevin Roche, Todd Royer, Catalina Segura, James Stegen, Jason Toyoda, Jacqueline Wells, Nathan I WisnoskiSourceHydrology and Earth System Sciences. 23(12): 5199-5225.Year2019- A comprehensive set of measurements and calculated metrics describing physical, chemical, and biological conditions in the river corridor is presented. These data were collected in a catchment-wide, synoptic campaign in the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest (Cascade Mountains, Oregon, USA) in summer 2016 during low-discharge conditions. Extensive characterization of 62 sites including surface water, hyporheic water, and streambed sediment was conducted spanning 1st- through 5th-order reaches in the river network. The objective of the sample design and data acquisition was to generate a...AuthorsAdam S. Ward, Jay P. Zarnetske, Viktor Baranov, Phillip J. Blaen, Nicolai Brekenfeld, Rosalie Chu, Romain Derelle, Jennifer Drummond, Jan H. Fleckenstein, Vanessa Garayburu-Caruso, Emily Graham, David Hannah, Ciaran J. Harman, Skuyler Herzog, Jase Hixson, Julia L. A. Knapp, Stefan Krause, Marie J. Kurz, Jörg Lewandowski, Angang Li, Eugènia Martí, Melinda Miller, Alexander M. Milner, Kerry Neil, Luisa Orsini, Aaron I Packman, Stephen Plont, Lupita Renteria, Kevin Roche, Todd Royer, Noah M. Schmadel, Catalina Segura, James Stegen, Jason Toyoda, Jacqueline Wells, Nathan I Wisnoski, Steve WondzellKeywordsSourceEarth System Science Data. 11(4): 1567-1581.Year2019
- The relationship between carbon burial and sedimentation in reservoirs is unknown, contributing to uncertainty in our understanding of the net impact of dams to the global carbon budget and exposing gaps in our fundamental understanding of the transport, processing, and deposition of organic matter in fluvial and lacustrine systems. Taking opportunistic advantage of the removal of two high‐head dams, we investigate this relationship by developing a stratigraphic, process‐based framework to estimate total carbon accumulation as a function of depositional environment in the sediments of two...AuthorsLaurel E. Stratton, Roy Haggerty, Gordon GrantKeywordsSourceJournal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface. 124(8): 2118-2140.Year2019