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- Despite widespread observations of shrub proliferation and expansion (shrubification), few studies quantify shrub biomass at the regional scale. Here we describe and implement a two-part modeling approach to estimate and map tall shrub (diameter at root collar > 2.5 cm) expected aboveground biomass, or E[SHB], across a 16.6 million ha boreal region where shrubification occurs in wetlands and subalpine ecosystems. Using n= 384 field plots nested within m= 11 study sites across southcentral Alaska, we constructed random forest models of the probability (pSH) that shrub wood volume surpasses...AuthorsKaili Martin, Roman Dial, Bruce Cook, Douglas Morton, Erin Larson, Hans AndersenSourceEnvironmental Research Letters. 19(12): 124008.Year2024
A multi-site passive approach to studying the emissions and evolution of smoke from prescribed fires
Abstract. We conducted a 2-year study utilizing a network of fixed sites with sampling throughout an extended prescribed burning period to characterize the emissions and evolution of smoke from silvicultural prescribed burning at a military base in the southeastern USA. The measurement approach and an assessment of the instrument performance are described. Smoke sources, including those within and off the base, are identified, and plume ages are determined to quantify emissions and study the evolution of smoke PM2:5 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters 2.5 μm or smaller) mass,...AuthorsRime El Asmar, Zongrun Li, David J. Tanner, Yongtao Hu, Susan O'Neill, L. Gregory Huey, M. Talat Odman, Rodney J. WeberKeywordsSourceAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 24(22): 12749-12773.Year2024- While remote sensing can be an effective tool in building a forest inventory, field measurements and model fitting can be both expensive and challenging. One strategy to reduce forest inventory costs is to leverage forest inventory models fitted to a different population (external models), although the effectiveness of external models is poorly understood. One concern is that models may predict well to the sample data, but poorly to the population—which is termed ‘overfitting’. The effect of overfit may be especially problematic in attempts to predict for a different population (a forest...AuthorsDiogo Cosenza, Svetlana Saarela, Jacob L. Strunk, Lauri Korhonen, Matti Maltamo, Petteri PackalenSourceForestry: An International Journal of Forest Research. 32: cpae055.Year2024
- Coastal fog occurs along many of the world’s west coast continental environments. It is particularly consequential during summer when an increased frequency of fog co-occurs with the seasonal dryness characteristic of most west coast climate systems, for example, in the Pacific coast of North and South America, the southwestern African coast, and southern coastal Europe. Understanding coastal fog formation and effects has consequences for many disciplines, including the physical (e.g., atmospheric science, oceanography), biological (e.g., biogeography, ecophysiology), and socio-ecological...AuthorsAlex Dye, Sonya Rauschenbach, Simon de Szoeke, Adele L. Igel, Yufang Jin, John B. Kim, Meg A. Krawchuk, Kenneth Maes, Larry O’Neill, Kyaw Tha Paw U, Roger Samelson, David C. Shaw, Christopher StillKeywordsSourceFrontiers in Environmental Science. 12:1488401.Year2024
- We assessed changes in fundamental climate-niche space for lizard and snake species in western North America under modeled climate scenarios to inform natural resource managers of possible shifts in species distributions. We generated eight distribution models for each of 130 snake and lizard species in western North America under six time-by-climate scenarios. We combined the highest-performing models per species into a single ensemble model for each scenario. Maps were generated from the ensemble models to depict climate-niche space for each species and scenario. Patterns of species...AuthorsDavid S. Pilliod, Michelle I Jeffries, Robert S. Arkle, Deanna H. OlsonKeywordsSourceEcology and Evolution. 14(10): e70379.Year2024
- Our understanding of forest dynamics and successional pathways in coastal Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var menziesii) forests with relatively frequent mixed-severity fires is limited by a lack of annually precise dendroecological reconstructions that combine records of historical fires and tree establishment. The processes by which old-forest heterogeneity developed under historical fire regimes with recurrent low- and moderate-severity fires has not been well studied at fine temporal scales and across spatial scales. We developed crossdated multi-century records of fire and tree...AuthorsAndrew Merschel, Meg A. Krawchuk, James D. Johnston, Thomas SpiesKeywordsSourceForest Ecology and Management. 572(3): 122306.Year2024
- Remote sensing can provide continuous spatiotemporal information about vegetation to inform wildlife habitat estimates, but these methods are often limited in availability or lack adequate resolution to capture the three-dimensional vegetative details critical for understanding habitat. The Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) is a spaceborne light detection and ranging system (LiDAR) that has revolutionized the availability of high-quality three-dimensional vegetation measurements of the Earth’s temperate and tropical forests. To date, wildlife-related applications of GEDI data...AuthorsBrent R. Barry, Joseph D. Holbrook, Jody C. Vogeler, Lisa H. Elliott, Matthew J. Weldy, Damon B. Lesmeister, Clinton Epps, Todd M. Wilson, Kerri T. VierlingKeywordsSourceEcological Applications. 34(8): e3048.Year2024
- National forests and grasslands are popular recreation destinations. Providing opportunities for visitors while protecting these natural attractions falls under the scope of recreation planning, but for recreation planners to do their jobs effectively, they need data—information that includes visitor demographics, reasons for visiting, and where visitors are coming from. Increasingly, recreation planners are using real-time visitor data from posts and photos of trip activities posted on crowdsourced platforms, such as social media or citizen or community science projects, to inform...AuthorsAndrea Watts, Sonja KolstoeKeywordsSourceScience Findings 270. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 6 p.Year2024
- Assisted migration provides a potential solution to mitigate the increasing risks of forest maladaptation under climate change. Western larch (Larix occidentalis Nutt.) is a deciduous conifer species undergoing assisted migration beyond its natural range in British Columbia into areas that have become suitable based on climatic niche modelling. We established a seedling common garden experiment in raised beds in a warm location outside the natural range for three growing seasons, with 52 natural populations from across the species range and 28 selectively bred families from British...AuthorsBeth Roskilly, Sally AitkenKeywordsSourceEvolutionary Applications. 17(9): e70001.Year2024
- Transitions between dry and wet hydrologic states are the defining characteristic of non-perennial rivers and streams, which constitute the majority of the global river network. Although past work has focused on stream drying characteristics, there has been less focus on how hydrology, ecology and biogeochemistry respond and interact during stream wetting. Wetting mechanisms are highly variable and can range from dramatic floods and debris flows to gradual saturation by upwelling groundwater. This variation in wetting affects ecological and biogeochemical functions, including nutrient...AuthorsAdam N. Price, Margaret Ann Zimmer, Anna Bergstrom, Amy Jo Burgin, Erin Cedar Seybold, Corey Anne Krabbenhoft, Sam Zipper, Michelle Hope Busch, Walter Kennedy Dodds, Annika Walters, Jane Sarah Rogosch, Rachel Stubbington, Richard Harry Walker, James Christian Stegen, Thibault Datry, Mathis Messager, Julian Olden, Sarah Elizabeth Godsey, Margaret Shanafield, David Lytle, Ryan Burrows, Kendra Elena Kaiser, George Henry Allen, Meryl Christine Mims, Jonathan Douglas Tonkin, Michael Bogan, John Christopher Hammond, Kate Boersma, Allison Nicole Myers-Pigg, Amanda DelVecchia, Daniel Allen, Songyan Yu, Adam WardKeywordsSourceNature Water. 2(9): 815-826.Year2024