Treesearch

Particulate emissions are the most objectionable atmospheric contaminant from forest burning. Little is known of the particulate sizes, and this research was done under laboratory conditions to obtain particle size information. Comments are made concerning techniques for future work in this field.

This report offers guidelines for campsite spacing and location in roadless areas to allow several levels of insulation from noise impacts between camping parties. The guidelines are based on the distance that different human-related noises travel in a variety of outdoor settings. The physical and psychological properties of these noises are described and discussed. The effects of different environmental features—ridges, hills, dense woods, low vegetation, still water—on noise transmission are also described. General management actions are suggested for locating camps to minimize intrusive...

New design methods must be developed to reduce energy waste in buildings. This study examines an economic approach to the design of thermal insulation in the home and demonstrates graphically that an optimum point of insulation thickness occurs where total costs of insulation and energy over the useful life of a building are a minimum. The optimum thickness thus determined exceeds that recommended by older design criteria and significantly reduces energy requirements for heating and cooling. An engineering heat loss analysis is applied to typical wood-framed wall and roof constructions,...

This paper describes four computer programs for the logging engineer's use in planning log harvesting by skyline systems. One program prepares terrain profile plots from maps mounted on a digitizer; the other programs prepare load-carrying capability and other information for single and multispan standing skylines and single span running skylines. In general, the three skyline programs prepare load paths, forces, and cable tension information from inputs of equipment specifications and anchoring geometry. Listings and explanations for all programs are included.

Production of merchantable wood in even-aged Douglas-fir stands can be increased substantially by precommercial thinning. Guidelines for, and gains from, precommercial thinning both strongly depend on the size of trees wanted at the first commercial cut; the larger this size, (1) the fewer trees should be left after precommercial thinning, (2) the greater is the maximum age or tree size at which precommercial thinning is practical, and (3) the greater is the gain is usable yield from precommercial thinning. Also, generally, the longer the time required for a stand to reach commercial size...

Insects that feed on fungi are primary dispersal agents for many beneficial and pathogenic species. Nearly 300 references on the subject, published since the mid-19th century are listed in this bibliography.

Research Natural Areas are examples of typical and distinctive natural ecosystems and habitats reserved for scientific and educational use. This outline of the minimal Research Natural Area system needed to provide adequate field laboratories for ecological, environmental, and land management research was developed by an interinstitutional, interdisciplinary working group. Natural area needs were first described on the basis of individual organisms, habitats, or ecosystems which should be represented. These “cells,” the basic building blocks in defining the total scope of the system,...

Forest residues often require treatment to meet land management objectives. Guideline statements for managing forest residues are presented to provide direction for achieving these objectives. The latest research information and the best knowledge of experts in various land management disciplines were used to formulate these statements. A unique keying system is provided for determining which guidelines apply to a particular management activity, for a given site in a given location, and within a given forest species association type.

In 1972, forest industries in Okanogan County, Washington, accounted for 23 percent of total employment and 29 percent of wages paid. Total forest industrial employment has increased since 1953 but represents a smaller proportion of total employment in the county due to the increase in other industries, mainly construction and trade. Timber harvest has nearly doubled since 1953, from 116 million board feet (Scribner scale) to 198 million. In 1972, 90 percent of the timber harvest was from public lands compared with 76 percent in 1953. Timber supplies are projected to decline slightly-about...

The latest inventory of the timber resources of the Blue Mountain Area of Oregon indicates that there are about 47 billion board feet of sawtimber on 4.6 million acres of commercial forest land. Public agencies administer about 76 percent of the area and hold 89 percent of the sawtimber volume; farmer and miscellaneous private ownerships account for 16 percent of the area but only 6 percent of the sawtimber volume; and forest industries 8 percent of the commercial forest area and 5 percent of the volume. Total volume of timber and area of commercial forest land have declined about 10...