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- The northern spotted owl (Strix occidentalis caurina) inhabits older coniferous forests in the Pacific Northwest and has been at the center of forest management issues in this region. The immediate threats to this federally listed species include habitat loss and competition with barred owls (Strix varia), which invaded from eastern North America. We conducted a prospective meta-analysis to assess population trends and factors affecting those trends in northern spotted owls using 26 years of survey and capture-recapture data from 11 study areas across the owls' geographic range to analyze...AuthorsKenneth P. Burnham, Peter C. Carlson, Tara Chestnut, Mary M. M. Conner, Krista E. Dilione, Eric D. Forsman, Elizabeth M. Glenn, Scott A. Gremel, Keith A. Hamm, Dale R. Herter, J. Mark Higley, Rob B. Horn, Julianna M. Jenkins, William L. Kendall, David W. Lamphear, Christopher McCafferty, Trent L. McDonald, Janice A. Reid, Jeremy T. Rockweit, David C. Simon, Stan Sovern, James K. Swingle, Heather Wise, Alan B. Franklin, Katie M. Dugger, Damon B. Lesmeister, Raymond J. Davis, J. David Wiens, Gary C. White, James D. Nichols, James E. Hines, Charles B. Yackulic, Carl J. Schwarz, Steven H. Ackers, L. Steven Andrews, Larissa L. Bailey, Robin Bown, Jesse BurgherKeywordsSourceBiological Conservation. 259(suppl): 109168.Year2021
- Over the last century in the circumpolar north, notable terrestrial ecosystem changes include shrub expansion and an intensifying wildfire regime. Shrub invasion into tundra may be further accelerated by wildfire disturbance, which creates opportunities for establishment where recruitment is otherwise rare. The Seward Peninsula currently experiences more frequent and larger fires than other tundra regions in Alaska. There are areas of overlapping burn scars dating back to the 1950s. Using a chronosequence approach, we examined vegetation and ecosystem dynamics in tussock tundra. Increasing...AuthorsTeresa Hollingsworth, Amy L. Breen, Rebecca E. Hewitt, Michelle C. MackKeywordsSourceArctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research. 53(1): 93-109.Year2021
- Currently, quantifying phenology at landscape to regional scales is not feasible with field data or near-surface sensors. Consequently, the spatial and temporal complexity of phenology has been assessed using satellite-based estimates (land surface phenology, LSP). While estimates from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) capture intraannual patterns of phenology, they have relatively low spatial resolution. Estimates from sensors like Landsat capture finer spatial detail but are often limited by Landsat’s temporal resolution. We implemented a spatio-temporal image fusion...AuthorsTy C. Nietupski, Robert Kennedy, Hailemariam Temesgen, Becky K. KernsKeywordsSourceInternational Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. 99: 102323.Year2021
- Transdisciplinary research is a promising approach to address sustainability challenges arising from global environmental change, as it is characterized by an iterative process that brings together actors from multiple academic fields and diverse sectors of society to engage in mutual learning with the intent to co-produce new knowledge. We present a conceptual model to guide the implementation of environmental transdisciplinary work, which we consider a “science with society” (SWS) approach, providing suggested activities to conduct throughout a seven-step process. We used a survey with...AuthorsCara Steger, Julia A. Klein, Robin S. Reid, Sandra Lavorel, Catherine Tucker, Kelly A. Hopping, Rob Marchant, Tara Teel, Aida Cuni-Sanchez, Tsechoe Dorji, Greg Greenwood, Robert Huber, Karim-Aly Kassam, David Kreuer, Anne Nolin, Aaron Russell, Julia L. Sharp, Mateja Šmid Hribar, Jessica P.R. Thorn, Gordon Grant, Mohammed Mahdi, Martha Moreno, Daniel WaiswaKeywordsSourceGlobal Environmental Change. 68(10): 102240.Year2021
- Brown root rot (caused by Phellinus noxius) and myrtle rust (caused by Austropuccinia psidii) are natural disturbances in their native tropical and subtropical forest ecosystems. A tree infected with either fungal pathogen becomes unhealthy and likely dies, sometimes within 3 months. These pathogens are threatening forest ecosystems around the world as they spread through international trade or other means, such as by wind or through the soil. Climate change also is creating environmental conditions that will allow these pathogens to survive in novel forest ecosystems where they haven’t...AuthorsAndrea Watts, Mee-Sook Kim, Ned B. Klopfenstein, Jane StewartKeywordsSourceScience Findings 239. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 5 p.Year2021
- Forest management planning is a challenge due to the diverse criteria that need to be considered in the underlying decision-making process. This challenge becomes more complex in joint collaborative management areas (ZIF) because the decision now may involve numerous actors with diverse interests, preferences, and goals. In this research, we present an approach to identifying and quantifying the most relevant criteria that actors consider in a forest management planning process in a ZIF context, including quantifying the performance of seven alternative stand-level forest management models...AuthorsMarlene Marques, Keith M. Reynolds, Marco Marto, Milena Lakicevic, Carlos Caldas, Philip J. Murphy, José G. BorgesKeywordsSourceForests.12(4): 399.Year2021
- Mesocarnivores fill a vital role in ecosystems through effects on community health and structure. Anthropogenic-altered landscapes can benefit some species and adversely affect others. For some carnivores, prey availability increases with urbanization, but landscape use can be complicated by interactions among carnivores as well as differing human tolerance of some species. We used camera traps to survey along a gradient of urban, rural, and forest cover to quantify how carnivore landscape use varies among guild members and determine if a species was a human exploiter, adapter, or avoider....AuthorsJordan T. Rodriguez, Damon B. Lesmeister, Taal LeviKeywordsSourcePeerJ. 9(11): e11083.Year2021
- A recent advancement in modeling was the development of quantum Bayesian networks (QBNs). QBNs generally differ from BNs by substituting traditional Bayes calculus in probability tables with the quantum amplification wave functions. QBNs can solve a variety of problems which are unsolvable by, or are too complex for, traditional BNs. These include problems with feedback loops and temporal expansions; problems with non‐commutative dependencies in which the order of the specification of priors affects the posterior outcomes; problems with intransitive dependencies constituting the circular...AuthorsBruce G. MarcotKeywordsSourceEntropy.23(4): 441.Year2021
- This paper synthesizes vulnerability, risk, resilience, and sustainability (VRRS) in a way that can be used for decision evaluations about sustainable systems, whether such systems are called coupled natural–human systems, social–ecological systems, coupled human–environment systems, and/or hazards influencing global environmental change, all considered geospatial open systems. Evaluations of V-R-R-S as separate concepts for complex decision problems are important, but more insightful when synthesized for improving integrated decision priorities based on trade-offs of V-R-R-S objectives. A...AuthorsTimothy Nyerges, John A. Gallo, Steven D. Prager, Keith M. Reynolds, Philip J. Murphy, WenWen LiKeywordsSourceISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information. 10(3): 179.Year2021
- The ongoing devastation of the Covid-19 pandemic has brought new urgency to questions surrounding the origins, management, and complex dynamics of infectious diseases. In this mini review, we use growing international concern over the pandemic potential of emerging infectious diseases as motivation for outlining a research approach to study the emotional dimensions of animal disease management. We sketch out this important analytical terrain by first locating opportunities for literature on the biosecurization of nature to intersect with the emerging field of emotional political ecology....AuthorsKathleen Epstein, Erica von Essen, Hailey WilmerKeywordsSourceFrontiers in Human Dynamics. 3: 350-357.Year2021