Treesearch

The performance of 90 species, mostly from the tropics and subtropics, was appraised in field trials for 5 years. Planting sites ranged from near sea level to 6360 feet (1940 m) elevation; rainfall from less than 20 inches to more than 200 inches (500 to 5000 mm); and soils from thin mucks overlaying lava rock to deep, highly leached latosols. Thirty-two hardwoods and 10 conifers were rated as promising for either timber production, watershed production, erosion control, or amenity plantings. Fourteen are native to Australia, and are eucalypts. Few of the high quality timber species tested...

Maps for wildland resource inventory and managament purposes typically show vegetation types, soils, and other areal information. For field work, maps must be large-scale. For safekeeping and compact storage, however, they can be reduced onto film, ready to be enlarged on demand by office viewers. By meeting certain simple requirements, film images are potential input to computer-mapping systems.

Range RAM (Resource Allocation Method) is a computerized planning method designed to assist range managers in developing and selecting alternatives in spatial and temporal allocation of resources. The technique is applicable at the frest or district management levels, or their equivalents. Range RAM can help formulate plans that maximize the production of range outputs, net revenue, or that minimize the cost of management while meeting a variety of constraints on range productivity, budget level, and economic returns. Constraints are specified by expected budget levels and aggregate output...

Large-scale aerial color photographs were used to evaluate trout habitat by studying stream and streambank conditions. Ninety-two percent of these conditions could be identified correctly on the color photographs. Color photographs taken 1 year apart showed that rehabilitation efforts resulted in stream vegetation changes. Water depth was correlated with film density: 76.4 percent on normal color film and 73.5 percent on infrared film. Shadow-length measurements of streambank vegetation height were 86 percent accurate. A technique to measure the degree of shade created by streambank...

A number of essentially healthy 5- and 6-year old children were studied to determine their interests in, anxieties about, attitudes toward, and reactions to fire. The relationships of particular personality characteristics of the children and the socialization techniques and teaching strategies of the mothers to the children's perceived attitudes about and observed performances with fire materials were determined. The findings suggest that fire play in very young children is common—more a function of curious, exploratory play than a function of psychologically driven, psychopathological...

Problems being encountered in implementing fire prevention programs were explored by studying the organization for fire prevention at the Fish Lake, Uinta, and Wasatch National Forests in Utah. The study focused on role congruency in fire prevention activities and on the social and organizational obstacles to effective programs. The problems identified included lack of consistency and lack of adequate measures in determining success in fire prevention performance; limited career advancement potential based on fire prevention work; need for improvement in fire prevention technology particula...

A two-stage shelterwood cutting, at 12 trees per acre, with site preparation, enhanced seedfall, regeneration, and residual growth at the Challenge Experimental Forest, north central California. Shelterwood trees produced 9.2 times more seed than trees in the control. Ponderosa pine regeneration numbered about 3700 seedlings per acre (9139 per ha) and tolerant conifers 600 seedlings (1482 per ha) after 5 years. Hardwood seedlings and sprouts also were abundant. Basal area growth rates for all species in nearly all diameter classes were greater in the shelterwood than in the control. The...

Whether the pyrolysis of cellulose is conducted in an inert medium or in air, partial pyrolysis at a lower temperature increases the char yield subsequently obtained after 1 hour at 370°C. The results are consistent with a pyrolysis scheme in which two competing sequences of cellulose pyrolysis reactions are initiated by (1) an intermolecular dehydration leading to char formation and, in air, to glowing combustion; and (2) a char-free depolymerization leading, in air, to flaming combustion.

Although 1,6-anhydro-3,4-dideoxy-β-D-glycero-hex-3-enopyranos-2-ulose (2) is produced by the acid-catalyzed pyrolysis of both cellulose and 1,6-anhydro-β-D-glucopyranose (1), data presented here show that the principal mechanism of its formation in the pyrolysis of cellulose is not via 1. Furthermore, the data provide evidence that 1 itself is not a primary product of cellulose pyrolysis, so that the principal mechanism of its formation must involve a precursor as yet unidentified.

The project was initiated in May, 1972. the initial effort involved mapping of forest soils on the islands of Oahu and Kawaii, and collection of relevant literature for preparing the study plan. The detailed study plan (el-Swaify, 1972) was prepared after cooperative discussions with staff of the Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry, Honolulu, Hawaii, and set forth the following three objectives: Evaluate alternative methods for measuring water infiltration and its contribution to deep percolation in selected tropical soils for the purposed of developing a simple technique for field...