Treesearch
Search National Treesearch
Displaying 131 - 140 of 1,330 Publications
- The “hierarchy of factors” hypothesis states that decomposition rates are controlled primarily by climatic, followed by biological and soil variables. Tropical montane forests (TMF) are globally important ecosystems, yet there have been limited efforts to provide a biome-scale characterization of litter decomposition. We designed a common litter decomposition experiment replicated in 23 tropical montane sites across the Americas, Asia, and Africa and combined these results with a previous study of 23 sites in tropical lowland forests (TLF). Specifically, we investigated (1) spatial...AuthorsRebecca Ostertag, Carla Restrepo, James W. Dalling, Patrick H. Martin, Iveren Abiem, Shin‐ichiro Aiba, Esteban Alvarez‐Dávila, Roxana Aragón, Michelle Ataroff, Hazel Chapman, Augusta Y. Cueva‐Agila, Belen Fadrique, Romina D. Fernández, Grizelle Gonzalez, Sybil G. Gotsch, Achim Häger, Jürgen Homeier, Carlos Iñiguez‐Armijos, Luis Daniel Llambí, Georgianne W. Moore, Rikke Reese Næsborg, Laura Nohemy Poma López, Patrícia Vieira Pompeu, Jennifer R. Powell, Jorge Andrés Ramírez Correa, Klara Scharnagl, Conrado Tobón, Cameron B. WilliamsKeywordsSourceBiotropicaYear2021
- Droughts in a warming climate have become more common and more extreme, making understanding forest responses to water stress increasingly pressing. Analysis of water stress in trees has long focused on water potential in xylem and leaves, which influences stomatal closure and water flow through the soil-plant- atmosphere continuum. At the same time, changes of vegetation water content (VWC) are linked to a range of tree responses, including fluxes of water and carbon, mortality, flammability, and more. Unlike water potential, which requires demanding in situ measurements, VWC can be...AuthorsAlexandra G. Konings, Sassan S. Saatchi, Christian Frankenberg, Michael Keller, Victor Leshyk, William R. L. Anderegg, Vincent Humphrey, Ashley M. Matheny, Anna Trugman, Lawren Sack, Elizabeth Agee, Mallory L. Barnes, Oliver Binks, Kerry Cawse‐Nicholson, Bradley O. Christoffersen, Dara Entekhabi, Pierre Gentine, Nataniel M. Holtzman, Gabriel G. Katul, Yanlan Liu, Marcos Longo, Jordi Martinez‐Vilalta, Nate McDowell, Patrick Meir, Maurizio Mencuccini, Assaad Mrad, Kimberly Novick, Rafael S. Oliveira, Paul Siqueira, Susan C. Steele‐Dunne, David R. Thompson, Yujie Wang, Richard Wehr, Jeffrey D. Wood, Xiangtao Xu, Pieter A. ZuidemaKeywordsSourceGlobal Change BiologyYear2021
- Springs are ecosystems influenced by the exposure of groundwater at the Earth's surface. Springs are abundant and have played important, highly interactive ecological, cultural, and socio-economic roles in arid, mesic, and subaqueous environments throughout human evolution and history. However, springs also are widely regarded as being highly threatened by human impacts. Cantonati et al. (2020a) recommended increased global awareness of springs, including basic mapping, inventory and assessment of the distribution and ecological integrity of springs. We conducted a preliminary global...Authors., Lawrence E. Stevens, Anwar A. Aly, Sarah M. Arpin, Iva Apostolova, Gail M. Ashley, Paulo Quadri Barba, Jose Barquín, Aude Beauger, Lahcen Benaabidate, Sami Ullah Bhat, Lhoussaine Bouchaou, Marco Cantonati, Teresa M. Carroll, Russell Death, Kathleen A. Dwire, Miguel Fernandes Felippe, Roderick J. Fensham, Alan E. Fryar, Roger Pascual i Garsaball, Vojsava Gjoni, Douglas S. Glazier, Nico Goldscheider, Joseph T. Gurrieri, Ragnhildur Guðmundsdóttir, Atzalan Rodriguez Guzman, Michal Hájek, Kristian Hassel, Tamara Heartsill Scalley, Jaume Solé i Herce, Dirk Hinterlang, Joseph H. Holway, Jari Ilmonen, Jeffrey Jenness, Jutta Kapfer, Ioannis Karaouzas, Robert L. Knight, Agnes-Katharina Kreiling, Christian Herrera Lameli, Jeri D. Ledbetter, Nataly Levine, Melinda D. Lyons, Robert E. Mace, Angeliki Mentzafou, Pierre Marle, Nils Moosdorf, Monica K. Norton, Allan Pentecost, Guillermo García Pérez, Bianca Perla, Abdullah A. Saber, Donald Sada, Stefano Segadelli, Kamilla Skaalsveen, Abraham E. Springer, Susan K. Swanson, Benjamin F. Schwartz, Peter Sprouse, Memory Tekere, Benjamin W. Tobin, Ernest Azwindini Tshibalo, Olivier VoldoireKeywordsSourceEarth Systems and Environmental Sciences,Reference Module, ElsevierYear2021
- Many studies have investigated the impacts of typhoons on natural vegetation, but the influencing factor of urban vegetation damage from super typhoon is not clear. Therefore, this study investigated the vegetation damage patterns in eight cities affected by Typhoon Mangkhut (the 2nd strongest tropical storm worldwide in 2018 using the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) derived from Sentinel-2 images. The vegetation damage maps have an overall accuracy of 97% using the very high-resolution WorldView-3 images as reference data. The results show that (1) The typhoon-induced...AuthorsShuai Xu, Xiaolin Zhu, Eileen Helmer, Xiaoyue Tan, Jiaqi Tian, Xuehong ChenKeywordsSourceInternational Journal of Applied Earth Observation and GeoinformationYear2021
- Citizen science, also known as participatory research, combines the efforts of professional researchers and community volunteers to collect data. We have established one such collaborative project in eastern North Carolina, near the 79,000-acre Hofmann Forest, called the Hofmann Open-Water Laboratory (HOWL) citizen science project. The White Oak River, New River, and Trent River all flow out of the Hofmann. The Hofmann is an ecological keystone in the region, acting as a natural filtration system for harmful runoff that occurs in the coastal plain of North Carolina. Our purposes for this...AuthorsMeredith Hovis, Frederick Cubbage, Madhusudan Katti, Kathleen McGinleyYear2021
- We describe the rationale and framework for developing scenarios of positive urban futures. The scenario framework is conducted in participatory workshop settings and composed of three distinct scenario approaches that are used to (1) explore potential outcomes of existing planning goals (strategic scenarios), (2) articulate visions that address pressing resilience challenges (adaptive scenarios), and (3) envision radical departures from the status quo in the pursuit of sustainability and equity (transformative scenarios). A series of creative and analytical processes are used to engage...AuthorsDavid M. Iwaniec, Marta Berbés-Blázquez, Elizabeth M. Cook, Nancy B. Grimm, Lelani M. Mannetti, Timon McPhearson, Tischa A. A. MunozKeywordsYear2021
- Hurricane Maria, a Category 4 storm, snapped and uprooted canopy trees, removed large branches, and defoliated vegetation across Puerto Rico. The magnitude of forest damages and the rates and mechanisms of forest recovery following Maria provide important benchmarks for understanding the ecology of extreme events. We used airborne Lidar data acquired before (2017) and after Maria (2018, 2020) to quantify landscape-scale changes in forest structure along a 439-ha elevational gradient (100-800 m) in the Luquillo Experimental Forest. Damages from Maria were widespread, with 73% of the study...AuthorsVeronika Leitold, Douglas C. Morton, Sebastián Martinuzzi, Ian Paynter, María Uriarte, Michael Keller, António Ferraz, Bruce D. Cook, Lawrence A. Corp, Grizelle GonzalezKeywordsSourceEcosystemsYear2021
- A fundamental systems approach is essential to advancing our understanding of how to address critical challenges caused by the intersection of urbanization and climate change. The social-ecological-technological systems (SETS) conceptual framework brings forward a systems perspective that considers the reality of cities as complex systems and provides a baseline for developing a science of, and practice for, cities. Given the urgency of issues we collectively face to improve livability, justice, sustainability, and resilience in cities, bringing a systems approach to resilience planning...AuthorsTimon McPhearson, David M. Iwaniec, Zoé A. Hamstead, Marta Berbés-Blázquez, Elizabeth M. Cook, Tischa A. A. Munoz, Lelani Mannetti, Nancy GrimmKeywordsYear2021
- Anticipatory thinking is a critical component in urban planning practices and knowledge systems in an era of unpredictability and conflicting expectations of the future. This chapter introduces "anticipatory resilience" as a futures-oriented knowledge system that intentionally addresses uncertain climate conditions and explores alternative, desirable future states. It suggests a portfolio of tools suitable for building long-term foresight capacity in urban planning. Examples of knowledge systems interventions are presented to explore the trade-offs, constraints, possibilities, and desires...AuthorsTischa A. A. Munoz, Kaethe Selkirk, Robert Hobbins, Clark Miller, Mathieu Feagan, David M. Iwaniec, Thaddeus R. Miller, Elizabeth M. CookKeywordsSourceResilient Urban FuturesYear2021
- Litter decomposition is a key process for carbon and nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems and is mainly controlled by prevailing environmental conditions, substrate quantity and quality as well as microbial community abundance and composition. In particular, the effects of climate and atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition on litter decomposition and its temporal dynamics are of significant importance, since their effects might change over the course of the decomposition process. Within the TeaComposition initiative, we incubated Green and Rooibos teas at 524 sites across nine biomes....AuthorsTaeOh Kwon, Hideaki Shibata, Sebastian Kepfer-Rojas, Inger K. Schmidt, Klaus S. Larsen, Claus Beier, Björn Berg, Kris Verheyen, Jean-Francois Lamarque, Frank Hagedorn, Nico Eisenhauer, Ika Djukic, Grizelle Gonzalez, Ian Yesilonis, Lindsey RustadKeywordsSourceFrontiers in Forests and Global ChangeYear2021