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- Decomposition constants (k) for aboveground logs and stumps and subsurface coarse roots originating from harvested old-growth forest (estimated age 400 to 600 y) were assessed by volume-density change methods along a 70-y chronosequence of clearcuts on the Wind River Ranger District, Washington, USA. Principal species sampled were Tsuga heterophylla and Pseudotsuga menziesii. Wood and bark tissue densities were weighted by sample fraction, adjusted for fragmentation, then regressed to determine k by tissue type for each species. After accounting for stand age, no significant differences...AuthorsJack E. Janisch, Mark E. Harmon, Hua Chen, Becky Fasth, Jay SextonKeywordsSourceEcoscience. 12(2): 151-160Year2005
- Many landscapes in the West are a patchwork of federal, state, forest industry and nonindustrial private forestlands. Each of these owners has a particular set of goals and practices that shapes the structure, species and dynamics of forest vegetation on their lands. Consequently, the pattern of landownership can have a major effect on the distribution of plants and animals, and their habitats. The pattern of ownership is also important because the organisms that live on those landscapes and the ecological processes that influence their habitat do not stay within ownerships. For example,...AuthorsThomas A. Spies, K. Norman JohnsonSourceWestern Forester, November/December 2005, p. 5Year2005
- The deck-building industry is going through a period of rapid growth and dramatic change with respect to the types of materials available to build decks. A 2001 study by the Freedonia Group estimates that the demand for decking materials will increase by almost 20 percent between 2000 and 2010. To better understand material use and contractor preferences within the deck-building industry, CINTRAFOR, with funding support from the USDA Forest Service Wood Utilization Lab in Sitka, Alaska, recently completed a survey of 205 deck builders and 213 home builders across the United States. In...AuthorsI. Eastin, I. Ganguly, S. Shook, A. BrackleyKeywordsSourceWorking Paper 98. Seattle, WA: Center for International Trade in Forest Products (CINTRAFOR), University of Washington, College of Forest Resources. 87 p.Year2005
- Major changes in federal forest policy in Alaska have resulted in a dramatic downsizing of the state's forest industry. These changes have driven efforts for economic restructuring and improved support for Alaskan communities. The University of Alaska Sitka Forest Products program at the University of Alaska Southeast is one example of efforts to better support the Alaskan forest industry. In an effort to best target educational programs, an industry needs assessment was conducted. Despite the fact that the Alaskan forest industry is different in many ways from the industry in the Lower 48...AuthorsJ. Thomas, E. Hansen, A. BrackleyKeywordsSourceForest Products Journal. 55(9): 19-23Year2005
- Landsat satellite data has become ubiquitous in regional-scale forest disturbance detection. The Tasseled Cap (TC) transformation for Landsat data has been used in several disturbance-mapping projects because of its ability to highlight relevant vegetation changes. We used an automated composite analysis procedure to test four multi-date variants of the TC transformation (called "data structures" here) in their ability to facilitate identification of stand-replacing disturbance. Data structures tested included one with a11 three TC indices (brightness, greenness, wetness), one with just...AuthorsSean P. Healey, Warren B. Cohen, Yang Zhiqiang, Olga N. KrankinaKeywordsSourceRemote Sensing of Environment: 301-310Year2005
- The spruce beetle, Dendroctonus rufipennis (Kirby), causes landscape level mortality to mature spruce (Picea spp.) throughout western and northern North America. As with other bark beetles, this beetle is associated with a variety of fungi, whose ecological functions are largely unknown. It has been proposed that the relative frequencies of specific fungi associated with bark beetles may vary with ecological factors such as host species, climate, or beetle population phase. We collected ≈1000 adult spruce beetles in south-central Alaska from 1999 to 2001. We employed a variety of insect...AuthorsBrian H. Aukema, Richard A. Werner, Kirsten E. Haberkern, Barbara L. Illman, Murray K. Clayton, Kenneth F. RaffaKeywordsSourceForest Ecology and Management. 217: 187-202Year2005
- The Arctic climate is changing. Permafrost is warming, hydrological processes are changing and biological and social systems are also evolving in response to these changing conditions. Knowing how the structure and function of arctic terrestrial ecosystems are responding to recent and persistent climate change is paramount to understanding the future state of the Earth system and how humans will need to adapt. Our holistic review presents a broad array of evidence that illustrates convincingly; the Arctic is undergoing a system-wide response to an altered climatic state. New extreme and...AuthorsLarry D. Hinzman, Neil D. Bettez, W. Robert Bolton, F. Stuart Chapin, Mark B. Dyurgerov, Chris L. Fastie, Brad Griffith, Robert D. Hollister, Allen Hope, Henry P. Huntington, Anne M. Jensen, Gensuou J. Jia, Torre Jorgenson, Douglas L. Kane, David Klein, Gary Kofinas, Amanda H. Lynch, Andrea H. Lloyd, A. David McGuire, Frederick E. Nelson, Walter C. Oechel, Thomas E. Osterkamp, Charles H. Racine, Vladimir E. Romanovsky, Robert S. Stone, Douglas A. Stow, Matthew Sturm, Craig E. Tweedie, George L. Vourlitis, Marilyn D. Walker, Donald A. Walker, Patrick J. Webber, Jeffrey M. Welker, Kevin S. Winker, Kenji YoshikawaSourceClimatic Change. 72: 251-298Year2005
- We analyzed the long-term effects of fuels reduction treatments around a wildland-urban interface located in the Blue Mountains near La Grande, Oregon. The study area is targeted for fuels reduction treatments on both private and federal lands to reduce the risk of severe wildfire and associated damage to property and homes. We modeled a number of hypothetical fuel treatment scenarios and examined the resulting changes in fuel characteristics, fire potential, and stand structure over time. Aggressive thinning alternatives showed significant reductions in stand characteristics that contribut...AuthorsAlan A. Ager, R. James Barbour, Jane L. HayesSourceIn: Systems Analysis in Forest Resources: Proceedings of the 2003 Symposium, General Technical Report: 215-227Year2005
- The American Meteorological Society symposia series on Fire and Forest Meteorology provides biennial forums for atmospheric and fire scientists to introduce and discuss the latest and most relevant research on weather, climate and fire. This special issue highlights significant work that was presented at the Fifth Symposium in Orlando, Florida during 16-20 November 2003, and held jointly with the Second International Wildland Fire Ecology and Fire Management Congress. This is the second special issue in the International Journal of Wildland Fire from these symposia—the first appeared...AuthorsSA Ferguson, T.J. Brown, M. FlanniganSourceInternational Journal of Wildland Fire. 14(1): 1-116Year2005
- Maintenance of pool morphology in a stream channel with a mobile bed requires hydraulic conditions at moderate to high flows that route bed load through the pool as it is delivered from upstream. Through field measurements of discharge, vertical velocity profiles, bed load transport, and streambed scour, fill, and grain-size distribution, we found that maintenance of a pool associated with a large, in-channel obstruction was more adequately explained by analogy to scour processes at bridge abutments than by the concept of velocity reversal. The cross-sectional area through the deepest part...AuthorsRichard Woodsmith, Marwan A. HassanKeywordsSourceIn: Catchment Dynamics and River Processes, Ch. 10: 169-196Year2005