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The special forest products industry has gained increasing attention, as timber harvest levels in the Pacific Northwest have declined, and has been heralded, at least by some, as a partial solution to the employment problems common throughout the rural areas of Washington, Oregon, Idaho, and Montana To date, relatively little work has been published on those portions of the industry located east of the Cascade Range Yet the east side produced about 48 percent of the total wild edible mushroom harvest (about 1 9 million pounds worth $118 million) during 1992 The region also accounts for all...

The northern spotted (Strix occidentalis caurina) uses a wide array of nesting habitat throughout its current range and successfully reproduces in a variety of stand types on the eastern slope of the Pacific Northwest Cascades. The species has the ability to utilize dynamic forest stands that continue to undergo significant changes in tree density, proportion of tree size classes, and tree species composition. Current stand structure and composition reflect the results of timber harvest, reduced fire effects and ongoing successional and stand development processes. In nest stands, multi-lay...

Type B genetic correlations were used to examine the relation among geographic differences between sites and their site-to-site genetic (Type B) correlations. Examination of six local breeding zones in Oregon indicated that breeding zones were, for the most part, not too large because few environmental variables were correlated with Type B genetic correlations. The data also were used to examine expected gains from using combinations of sites in selection indices. Even though additional sites always increased the expected genetic gain, the marginal increase was only minimal if 3 or 4 sites...

Public land managers in the United States are increasingly interested in managing forests to provide a range of ecological and social outputs in addition to timber. These outputs might include healthy riparian areas, connected blocks of late-successional forests, habitat for threatened and endangered species, and high quality recreational opportunities. On National Forests in the Inter-mountain West, millions of acres of densely stocked small-diameter stands create large, structurally uniform areas. These areas present opportunities to improve biological diversity and ecosystem health...

The commercial harvest of American matsutake (Tricholoma magnivelare) from forests in the Pacific Northwest has increased dramatically in the last decade. The similarity of this mushroom to the Japanese matsutake (T. matsutake) has prompted its harvest to meet increasing demands for matsutake in Japan. The American matsutake is likely to remain a sustainable forest product in North America if its harvest and forest habitats are managed appropriately. This summary paper begins by reviewing the historical importance of the Japanese matsutake, its declining production and harvest in Japan,...

The Evaluation of EIS Alternatives by the Science Integration Team describes the outcomes, interactions, effects, and consequences likely to result from implementing seven different management strategies on Forest Service (FS) and Bureau of Land Management (BLM) administered lands within the Interior Columbia Basin and portions of the Klamath and Great Basins. Two environmental impact statement teams developed seven alternative approaches to the management of forest, rangeland, aquatic, and watershed systems of FS- and BLM- administered lands. The alternatives varied from continuation of...

rends in genetic variation were examined over 51 progeny test sites throughout western Oregon. Narrow sense heritabilities for height and diameter showed an increasing trend to age 25, the oldest age examined. Before age 10, height heritabilities were relatively unstable. Type B site-site genetic correlations increased slowly with age for height and remained relatively stable for diameter. Age-age correlations by using the log of the age ratios (LAR). Optimum selection age was calculated for a 60-year rotation by using two measures of efficiency: gain per year and discounted gain. the...

Ten Adaptive Management Areas (AMAs) were created in compliance with the Northwest Forest Plan. Although the essence of adaptive management is to treat management as an experiment and to "learn how to learn," several barriers affect the successful implementation of AMAs. Four propositions are identified that address these potential barriers: (1) area boundaries must hold social meaning for stakeholders, (2) a focus on these 10 areas will highlight limitations in scientific knowledge, (3) management of the AMAs will highlight differences in how the world is perceived, and (4) effective...

This paper reviews and summarizes literature about smoke exposure and the resulting adverse health effects among wildland firefighters Many studies have been done on this problem between 1973 and 1995 Overall the data indicate that smoke exposure at wildfires and prescribed fires is usually no more than an inconvenience, but on occasion it approaches or exceeds legal and recommended occupational exposure limits Management action is necessary to bring all smoke exposures into compliance with occupational safety regulations.

Provides current information on lumber and plywood production and prices; employment in the forest industries: international trade in logs, lumber, and plywood: volume and average prices of stumpage sold by public agencies; and other related items. View an updated online version of this publication with downloadable excel files athttps://www.fs.usda.gov/pnw/ppet/.