Treesearch

A summary is presented of a timber resource inventory in western Washington conducted to determine the extent of timberland and timber resources in three forest zones, each defined by its proximity to developed nonforest areas. The methods used are explained, and tables of timberland area and timber volume by forest zone are presented.

Dispersed recreation along forest roads in generally undeveloped areas is increasing rapidly in the West. To effectively manage this use and integrate it with other forest activities requires information about the preferences, expectations, and opinions of forest visitors and their patterns of recreation use. Results of a 3-year study of campers and day users in three roaded forest areas of Washington and Oregon suggest this type of area provides opportunities that are very different from those in developed campgrounds and primitive backcountry. Visitors to roaded, forested areas like the...

Large, fallen trees in various stages of decay contribute much-needed diversity to terrestrial and aquatic habitats in western forests. When most biological activity in soil is limited by low moisture availability in summer, the fallen tree-soil interface offers a relatively cool, moist habitat for animals and a substrate for microbial and root activity. Intensified utilization and management can deprive future forests of large, fallen trees. The impact of this loss on habitat diversity and on long-term forest productivity must be determined because managers need sound information on which...

The hardwood resource in western Oregon is described by species and ownership. Changes in the private hardwood resource between 1961-62 and 1973-76 are shown. Statistics of size, volume, and ownership by county are presented for red alder (Alnus rubra Bong.) and bigleaf maple (Acer macrophyllum Pursh).

Effects of predaceous birds and ants on the western spruce budworm, Choristoneura occidentalis, were studied on seedlings of western larch and Douglas-fir in western Montana. On western larch, both birds and ants reduced survival of larval budworm (instars IV-VI). On Douglas-fir, larval survival on one site was reduced by ants but not by birds. On a second site, neither birds nor ants had any effect on larval survival on Douglas-fir. Ants, but not birds, continued to have a major effect on the survival of budworm pupae.

The exchange of information among invertebrate pathologists of the major linguistic areas of Western Europe and North America has created a demand for a multilingual glossary. This list of specialized terms used in invertebrate pathology and related fields, such as microbial control, comprises over 2200 entries gathered by the four authors with the help of several consultants. As many synonyms as could be found in past or current use have been listed and cross-referenced in each of the five languages. This glossary is a valuable tool for computerized searches of literature data bases, for...

Old-growth, western hemlock-Sitka spruce forest in southeastern Alaska is an important element of the habitat of Sitka black-tailed deer. The conversion of uneven-aged, old-growth forests to even-aged, second-growth forests has generated concern about the future carrying capacity of the habitat for deer, especially where snow accumulation is common on winter ranges. Even-aged, second-growth forests produce very little forage for black-tailed deer. Young(< 20 years), open stands produce greater amounts of forage than do old-growth stands. Snow accumulates to greater depths in openings than...

A sample of 133 Douglas-firs (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca (Beissn.) Franco) and 69 true firs (Abies spp.) with dead tops caused by defoliation by the western spruce budworm (Choristoneura occidentalis Freeman) were felled, dissected, and examined for height loss and incidence and extent of decay. Height loss was negligible for trees with only the last year or two of their tops killed by defoliation because lateral branches quickly formed new tops. Height losses of trees severely damaged by top-kill averaged 4.3 feet for Douglas-fir and 4.4 feet for true firs, but some trees had new...

Quantities of coarse and fine organic debris in streams flowing through areas clearcut before 1975 are 3 and 6 times greater than quantities in streams sampled in old-growth stands in Tongass National Forest, central Prince of Wales Island, southeast Alaska. The concentration of debris in streams of clearcut Sitka spruce-western hemlock forests in southeast Alaska, however, is about half that in streams of clearcut Douglas-fir western hemlock forests in western Oregon. Management guidelines for maintaining natural debris conditions include minimizing the addition of fresh material to a...

Logging cost equations are provided that can be used for analyses of silvicultural regimes. These equations include costs for all phases of logging from felling to loading onto a truck. They are presented by various components so that the user can substitute other values if some components do not seem applicable. Where appropriate these costs vary by size of trees harvested and volume removed at a logging entry. It is especially important that these cost relationships be reflected in logging costs used in evaluations of silvicultural regimes because the evaluations will otherwise be biased...